Article review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Article review - Essay Exampleut strategic remedies, qabalistic enough in scope not only to c each(prenominal) off the symptoms of basic problems, simply those that help address keys issues at stake (OKane & Cunningham, 2013).From the article Leadership Changes and Approaches During Company Turnaround by OKane and Cunningham, it is discernible that it is easy, in fact enjoyable to be a good leader in periods of institutional booms, yet flesh out different develop of skills is required in times of crisis. Right in-between the application of the different set of skills is the tactical tradeoff between the long-term mindset with the ability to make and implement difficult decisions inwardly prescribed time limits to prevent further deterioration, depending on the situation of an institution. Basically, leadership, irrespective of the size of an institution is all about the measures put in place to boost team efforts morale and more importantly, identifying problems and giving nece ssary counseling in confronting problems through regular, honest and credible communication. Additionally, clarity of every bit of communication around goals and objectives is an indispensible uprightness that must be cultivated at all cost.Not a single individual point to be a failure. It must be noted, however, that success is worked for, and that without stepping up to the challenge of leadership, success becomes just but a mirage. Whether one likes it or not, responsibility begins with

Discuss teaching strategies that enhance pupils' writing ability with Essay

Discuss teaching strategies that lift pupils writing ability with particular reference to up boys writing clevernesss. Focus on at least two different genres of writing in your dish up - Essay ExampleThough in general, both the gender find writing challenging, the differences in learning styles, and attitude to literacy, and cognitive abilities make teachers work challenging in the classroom to guarantee delivery of equitable education. This paper gives an overview of the general difficulties faced by literacy pupils and moves on to have a nearer look at boys and literacy, with specific reference to their writing skills. It also strives to suggest teaching strategies, learning resources and activities to enhance writing skills of boys in literacy classroom.National Literacy Trust (2009) says that national tests have indicated that writing scores lag cigaret reading generally. Teaching language involves four skills listening, speaking, reading and writing, of which writing is o f the highest difficulty level and comes at the end. This partly explains the challenge faced by pupils in any literacy classroom. Writing is a complex skill that involves critical operation of the thinking abilities that works hand in hand with the knowledge of language structure, vocabulary, syntax and grammar. It is obviously challenging to learn this complex skill of writing. Literacy and language teachers adopt various teaching methodologies and classroom techniques to develop writing skill in their students. Different tools like journals, notebooks, and group sharing strategies are widely used in the classrooms. Equal importance is also presumption to pre-writing tasks as much as that is given to the actual writing itself. Beyond this, revision also is insisted.In general, there are a hardly a(prenominal) apparent reasons for writing being one of the challenging skills to learn. Firstly, it is a complex activity that requires the use and coordination of quintuple faculties like cognitive and linguistic abilities. Also, genre-specific conventions are to be adhered to and require knowledge of the

Research Topic Identification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research base Identification - Essay ExampleFor example, when I studied the article written by Dufwenderg (2011) on granulose theory to explain the merciful psychology, I found the cognitive understanding of the psychology as an necessity part of the psychology to have grip to answer most of the question of human psychology. We consider darnel games as the toughest games and there is a requirement of minds that bottom of the inning decide rationally but Ewerhart (2000) argues that Chess-like games are soluble in at most two steps. This is the power of cognitive powers that a human mind can use to solve the complex problems. Another important aspect of cognitive psychology is that it starts observing the human psychology right from beginning. This is the basic way to explore and drive new dimensions in the field of Psychology. This is illustrated by Eacott and Crawley (1999) by analyzing on the childhood amnesia. Childhood amnesia refers to the inability of children and adults to recall events that took place during their infancy and untimely childhood (Hayne & Jack, 2011). This is very augmenting for me to choose the cognitive psychology in order to learn on ways that can reflect the human psychology. Dufwenberg, M. (2001). Game theory. Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Sciences. Vol. 2 (2). p. 167. Ewerhart, C.

Week 3-Terence Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Week 3-Terence - Coursework ExampleThe main reason for these companies to adopt this technology is to have them determine decisions that favor the entire global market. Having a globally distributed aggroup up comes with the challenge of mistrust among some squad members. However, there are some factors that the management can rely on to create trust among these team players in different parts of the world (Allison, 2013).The first factor to be considered is having directed and reflected knowledge to be shared among the team members. Directed messages will always tell the exact information being conveyed. ascribable to this, members trust their fellows since there are no irrelevant stories to hide the reality. Having the information that the team share reflected in some reference point also boosts trust.Social converse is an separate factor that is helpful in building trust in team members who will never meet face-to-face. In this level of communication the workers will discuss informal factors such as how their holidays or weekend were spent. In the process of doing this they rule to know each other more and the trust is created. For example, a worker based in the States can chat with his fellow in Asia discussing the summer holidays. In the process, these workers will trust each other (Carmody, 2012).The ability of the team to combine resources despite the distance between them is also crucial for trust to exist. In this case, the team members at different points in the world they operate from get to coordinate themselves and share what the team needs to accomplish its goals. If they can do this then eventually the members will create trust among themselves (Chesebro, 2012).virtuoso of the new technologies that organizations are nowadays adopting to improve communication among their team members who are globally distributed is the groove practical(prenominal) office. The technology relies on the ability of the Microsoft software that can connect many servers from different parts

Equinox Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

equinox smart set - Essay ExampleThis implies that a firm must be accountable for the negative set up of its operations on its stakeholders. A reporting entity is an organization that collects analyses and gives a report pertaining to the fiscal information. Equinox Company is a corporation dealing with stipulation of toast ratings for various companies for the purpose of financial analysis and assessment. It was started in the year 1899, and it has served over four hundred companies. It is situated in Atlanta in Georgia. This guild has play a major(ip) role in the corporate world by securing jobs for more than seven megabyte employees. This company is committed to safeguarding the environment from pollution from its own economic activities. This company is known to incorporate its stockholders in decision making process. This gives the community a chance to give credible contribution with regard to the companys social responsibility. Activities of Equinox Company Ltd The acti vities of this company are more given its competitive benefit as a reporting entity. The entity provides credit reports to customers on demand. This enables various consumers to access financial aid by use of their financial credit status. Moreover, this serves a sales and commercialiseing technique because a financially changeless enterprise is considered favorable. It in any case carries out probes on errand companies on request by state agencies and criminal investigation agencies. They give assurance to potential investors of some companies with an aim of encouraging investment in these entities. Provision of credit ratings of companies that are subject to syndicates in order to obtain concrete facts with regard to the liability of these companies. It contributes in the market liberalization as it reveals to the public some crucial information with regard to the credit worthiness of many companies hence enabling consumers to make informed decisions. It also performs audit for companies on ad hoc basis. This gives the stakeholders of the companies concerned an assurance of the safety of their resources. Equinox Company also provides reports to Insurance companies on demand. This helps the insurance companies to make informed decisions onwards accepting to cover risks of its prospective clients. It also sells credit reports in its possession to many industries of diverse types of businesses. It also sells sophisticated software for effective and efficient credit rating of a client. This entity provides population data to the demographic department. This enhances quick financial decision making with regard to the available resources. It provides non-financial data to its clients. This enables it to have a full customer base hence high level of annual revenue. Furthermore, the company provides theft and fraud measure products which help in keeping the levels of criminal activities in the business enterprises. Equinox Company corporate social Responsib ility It provides all the people with a single free credit file which helps in the ain financial analysis and assessment. This sparks investments in various projects because a high portion of the population is aware of their financial abilities. The firm practices strategic corporate social responsibility which enables it to identify specific social concerns to be solved. The counseling of the company always incorporates the input of all stakeholders in decision making. This provides an opportunity to the members of the society to give hearty feedback with regard to corporate social responsibility. Investors have cited the corporate social responsiveness of the company as the major competitive advantage. This initiative has been hailed as a source of motivation and sense of belonging

Leadership and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership and Ethics - Essay ExampleThe task and calling of managers, leaders and administrators is to apply moral and ethical principles to business world and meet social responsibility issues and come into environmental concerns.As a decision maker experiences the outcome of a moral choice, not erect the external outcome but the internal one as well, the entire decision-making process can be affected. Self-esteem may increase or decrease, leading to modifications (or not) in the perceptual net, the analytic tools, the approach to synthesis, choice, and natural action planning. Such a learning process is clearly, if slowly, unfolding with the implementation of affirmative action programs in the coupled States. Racial and gender discrimination are perceived and analyzed differently by most of us today than they were twenty years ago (Crane and Matten 2004). In order to know what the business can do for the conjunction, it must first thoroughly know and understand its own resou rce capability in the areas of money, manpower, equipment, space, and managerial and technical expertise. Once this is known, then it can be correlated with the various community needs to larn how helpful, if at all, the company can be to the community. It may be as simple as provide a few employees for local volunteer work to assisting the community in an in-depth study program or building program in a particular area. It is just as important to know the community and its needs as it is to know the companys capabilities. Someone within the company must work with the community to puzzle familiar with the community needs, or the company must establish some type of internal direction or board to study community problems (Sims, 2003). The committee or board should be composed of large number from the company and various representatives of community organizations. Finally, once a program selection has been made it must be carefully monitored this must involve both review and contro l. Proper monitoring will enhance the substitution class of the company and improve the chance of program success. Project feedback and follow-up will ensure that the project is macrocosm executed within time and funds limitations (Beauchamp and Bowie 2003). Courage is necessary if one is to improve the world. Once you unaffixed the door on inequalitys, you have crossed into new intellectual territory forever. There is no routine back to the simple pleasures of taxonomies and typologies about who human beings are. Competitor selection policies contain provisions by which the merged strategist seeks to consolidate his control over the competitors in his colony (Crane and Matten 2004). He can consolidate control, agree to Porter, by placating good competitors, turning bad competitors into good competitors, and attacking bad competitors who could not generate good competitors. The corporate strategist who governs this colony is no fool when it comes to dealing with good competit ors. According to Porter, the telling corporate strategist must allow good competitors enough successes to lead them to perpetuate their strategies (Beauchamp and Bowie 2003). This allowance is a central feature of the strategic convention by which the strategist and his good competitors get along. The upshot is that the difference between successful and unsuccessful competitor selection is the strategists ability to placate and to punish his

Obesity and chemistry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Obesity and chemistry - Essay ExampleThe government spends more(prenominal)(prenominal) than $7000 in medical treatment and lost productivity of a single obese person. Obesity is blamed for more than 160,000 deaths a year. Understanding the factors that lead to obesity Shedding extra charge is very difficult contempt the seemingly simple formula of consuming fewer calories than being expended. Dieting is not effective for dickens thirds of dieters who end up heavier two years after dieting. The National Institutes of Health is spending $800 million p.a. to understand the underlying causes of obesity with focus on metabolism, genetics and neurology. Highlights of the researches are protein function, signaling pathways in the brainpower and other organs, obesity genes, and bring out of environs on metabolism and weight gain. The large body prevail has led to understanding of protein interactions that result in energy extraction and distribution fat production and retentivene ss hunger signals emanating from the brain, and genetic inclination towards obesity. In the brain, the hypothalamus, brain stem, limbic system, and the pre-frontal cortex are involved in controlling hunger and fullness. Metabolic studies show that brown fat is associated with lower weight or slenderness in some persons while the prevalence of white fat is for storage of excess energy, and hence increase weight. Genetic studies identified more or less twenty genes that correlate with predisposition to weight gain, although the effects were later quantified to be modest. Genetic regulators for obesity were identified in mice, but human homologues are not yet known. Possibly, the environment has a large effect on the switching on of genes that predispose an respective(prenominal) to obesity. However, since the results of biological studies have not been translated to a solution for the problem on obesity, the article proposes that the best mount is behavioral psychology methods that have been used for over than 50 years and proven to work in treating autism, alcoholism and stuttering. Behavioral psychology as a solution to obesity In the hope of conclusion a quick means to losing weight, the public is easy to follow recommendations from researches that are played up by the media. However, the results of the different studies are sometimes in conflict. It is clear that the obesity problem cannot be fixed by a single simple action because of the contribution of many factors. The combination of social, biological, economics and marketing factors make simple solutions to obesity fail. Diets and exercise regimens are also bound to fail because they become more profound as weight is lost, since more effort is exerted to retain that loss. Furthermore, as the diet and exercise become more severe, the reward (reduced weight) recedes. A less punishing regimen will make more people lay with it. Changing behavior has had the most success in losing modest amounts of wei ght and keeping off that weight with diet and exercise. This approach involves making small sustainable modifications in the eating and exercises habits with the encouragement of people and environment surrounding the individual. The basis for the behavioral approach goes back to more than fifty years when BF Skinner, Harvard university psychologist, developed the cognition of behavioral analysis. The foundation for the approach is the belief that the workings of the brain are unknown despite pass on science, but physical behavior is measurable and so is the

Myth. Why did myth survive the scientific and philosophic challenges Essay

myth. Why did falsehood survive the scientific and philosophic challenges of the classical Greek world - Essay ExampleWhy did the legend survive the scientific and philosophical challenges of the classical Greek world? Introduction Myth is some estimation or a belief which is absurd and fictitious and has originated in the prehistorical times which came into being of course and inevitably. The figments developed due to the fact that the inhospitable environment that the primitive man encountered. The origin of the myth during the prehistoric times or during the childhood of mankind might due to two reasons one may be the fear that might have been created during an occurrence of the natural phenomenon such as thunder or ramp for example, and another might be as a remembrance of the events of the past. So, as the history of the mankind developed, the lyric and the practices too developed along with the myth. The religion, rituals and the myths are all developed in parallel b ut are distinct from one another. The myths have a great part in the development of the religion. However, equating the myth with the religion is not possible. Myth is the response of the mankind to the natural environment (Graff, Fritz., et al., 1996). Over the centuries, Greek refinement developed and underwent many changes in this context of the myths. Until a few centuries the Greeks were supporting myths and aft(prenominal) the eighteenth cytosine the Greeks used to refer the word myth by muthos which means stories and words and started defending with the evidence of the scientific evidences and facts referred by logos. ... So the first thing is that the myth is developed out of lack of explanations. Explanations Myth seemed to have strong thoughts on the areas where the scientific and reasoning does not produce the results. To explain briefly, myth plays a strong role where the reasoning doesnt seem much to offer. For example, in the case to speculate what happens after the conclusion. A common explanation is that death is a fact and can occur to anybody regardless of their develop and status of their living. If we reason out this fact the next immediate question arises is that what would happen after death and it would be related to the good and the bad lives the individual had lived through out his / her lifetime. So in society to explain this question it is sorted out that the soul of those who lived good lives would go to the Elysium and the soul of those who lived bad lives would go to the Tartarus and punished to the degree of unpleasantness. Another part where the myth played its role is the place where there is unreliable and nonexistent of historical evidences. So these kinds of explanations depend on the kindly, cultural and the educational background of the believer and what is very believed. Reinforcement The reinforcement of the political, social and ethical position of the subject in the context might also be a reason for the explan ations of the myths. For example the Roman emperor Nero used to identify him with Gods in distinguish to manipulate his image. In order to impress this myth the emperor image was cast in the coins by the architects which would image him as a god. Issues The issues which created as a result of the reinforcement of the authority are social and cultural tensions, and dilemmas. Therefore a myth could be changed and manipulated to

How does a post colonial reading of Jane Eyre expose the authors deep Essay

How does a post colonial reading of Jane Eyre expose the authors deep anxiety regarding the idealogy of imperialism - analyse ExampleJanes Experiences The character of the protagonist Jane Eyre is the center of a struggle that is purely based on class. As an orphan, Jane hurted the consequences of poverty even though she is educated. Getting meager in gravel from being a governess, she found herself in a low social standing -- hence, powerless. As a woman, she also experienced the vicious interposition from men in a patriarchal society (Morris, 1999). Due to these experiences, Jane identified herself with the millions in fervent that in silent revolution against such inequalities. By studying her dialogues, it can be observed that Jane compared herself to a champion for the slaves who struggled hard for the attainment of freedom and the eradication of oppression, in a very indirect way. In her own terms, she fought against the notion that men are superior to women, and attempted to subdue that mens unjust discussion towards the women can always be justified. Although Jane acknowledged the fact that the social and economic as well as cultural inequalities are realities that she needed to embrace, she remained firm in her belief that a time will come when people will be liberated from such hell-like conditions (Glen, 1997). A feminist in her own right, Jane re label Women suffer from too rigid a restraint, too absolute stagnation, precisely as men would suffer and it is narrow-minded in their more privileged fellow-creatures to say that they ought to confine themselves to making puddings and knitting stockings, to playing on the gently and embroidering bags. It is thoughtless to condemn them, or laugh at them, if they seek to do more or pick up more than custom has pronounced necessary for their sex. (Dunn & Bronte, 2001, p.99) Britains Colonial Rule The Victorian era marked Britains international expansion of power, wealth and culture. The empire, which included India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa, Hong Kong Gibraltar, Rhodesia and several islands in the westmost Indies and various colonies in the African coast, was the biggest in the world during the period. Generally, the prevailing attitude of the British about the clear that the English was destined to rule the world and that they had the supreme responsibility to instill culture to the uncivilized was a key factor in its exploration and subjugation of peoples. This was heavily examined by Bronte, which can be gleaned from her deeds particularly in Jane Eyre (Berg, 1987). Although the author distanced herself on the issue of the Transatlantic Slave Trade, she still tackled slavery in some of her works. In the novel, Jane eventually inherited the wealth of her uncle which was derived from Madeira, a fictitious British colony. In an hefty manner, she divided the amount and the estates she obtained among her cousins. However, it should be pointed out that becau se of this inheritance sourced from slave colonies, Jane obtained the freedom that she longed for (Bell, 2008). Mr. Rochester, Janes husband, was depicted to spend a penny worked and found his fortune in the West Indies. There, he found himself attracted to a half-Creole and Jamaican-raised Bertha who he saw

Persuasive text analysis paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Persuasive text edition analysis paper - Essay ExampleThe use of this art has a notable effect on the public to which it is directed in that it can help to shape a groups opinions on particular matters. One of the most important quarreles in American history utilizes persuasion excellently. It is the I corroborate a dream actors line by Martin Luther female monarch Junior ( baron, 2002). King de residered this speech on appalling 23rd 1963, in Washington to a huge crowd of chief(prenominal)ly African American sight who had come to listen to him. This speech revolves around the injustices that the black community was continually exposed to during this period. He devised this speech as the start of a revolution against racism that was eating into the United States making the African Americans live impoverished lives (Stewart, 2003). It was a call to not only the black community, but similarly to the white hoi polloi to embrace justice in order to ensure equality. As much as t he blacks had been freed from slavery close to 100 years back, he explains, true equality between the black and the white folk had not yet been achieved. Racism was still very much a part of their lives, and this affected their living standards significantly. His main riddle was mainly the inculcation of this mentality of racial superiority to the young children who did not know whatsoever better. It is safe to state that this speechis significant in the eradication of racism in the United States (Price, 2006). King, in his speech effectively uses persuasion as well as other styles of language that make his speech really unforgettable. An analysis to determine how effective the art of persuasion was and what effect it had on its audience is conducted. As antecedently explained, the speech focuses on the problem of racism that was affecting the African American community at that time. King uses the analogy as a language style in order to persuade his audience when also relaying hi s intended message. An analogy is a style that uses two objects that seem not to be related to each(prenominal) other in order to bring out a point. This process is used to provoke the idea of the listeners to which it is addressed. King uses an analogy of a promissory note that the country provided to the blacks as they were freed from slavery. He states, America has habituated the Negro a bad check a check that has come back marked lean funds (Lucas, 2001). His analogy employs the use of a well-known object, a promissory note that is a traffic document that assures or promises and individual of payment at a specified time that both compound parties agree on. King compares the United States assurance of equality between blacks and the whites after the abolition of slavery as a promissory note. This promissory note is not valid since it has not fulfilled the conditions it was expected to in the first place. This means that the country has not been true to its word as such it h as given the African American community a bad check. Resultantly, the African Americans have been forced to live in bad conditions since they do not have the same rights as their counterparts, the white people do. Through this analogy, King altered the way most if not all of his public thought of the issue of racism. It was a problem that they were facing, but they had become complacent since not all their attempts to alleviate the discrimination had been successful. However, this speech gave them a brand-new strength to press for

Service Product Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Service Product Marketing - Essay object lessonGreece does receive both tourists and business travellers who face such inconveniences. A Spa at the airport would be able to capture this segment through and through the right marketing approach. This would be a mass marketing approach through the right mix of the seven element of utility marketing. It is strongly recommended that the tourism peril should be an airport spa in Greece and the promotion of this spa can be done through innovative strategies such as tie upasana with the airlines and tour operators. Local people can also be reaped to the day spa which would tale care of business during the lean tourist season.Tourism in the twentieth century has grown as the worlds largest industry surpassing autos, steel, electronics, and agriculture (Sirgy & Su, 2000). It is undoubtedly a large source of foreign exchange, employment and income and has grown as the business of attracting visitors and catering to their needs The thriftin ess of a nation depends on the travel and tourism industry and this is further endorsed by the fact that built in bed September 11, the industry lost $1.36 billion in business because of a dramatic drop in bookings for flights, hotel rooms, car rentals and cruise.However, tourism is a service sector and the success of any tourism product depends on the service delivery. The process of globalization and social changes has transformed the service economy (Lovelock, Wirtz & Chew, 2009). Innovation in the service products stimulated by technology allows the service provider to offer a wider choice to the consumers. In addition, the fluid income in the hands of the people has gone up while their lifestyles have changed as well.This report aims to search the strategy for marketing day spas in Greece. Greece continues to have the image of the 1960s as island-hopping backpackers and package tourists (Mjourney, 1998). To attract the upmarket clients it is very important for Greece

Cold war and Aid to africa during cold war Essay

shabby war and Aid to africa during cold war - Essay ExampleThe stem was divided into two that is those who wanted a soldiers action of invasion to take place and those who advocated for a diplomatic action of eradicating the missiles. After eight sidereal days the US president organized a lay off of Cuba and all the military forces in the US were prepared to launch the blockade according to Bostdorff (63). This led to a more tension between the US and the Soviet matrimony thus intensifying the cold war. Flights of reconnaissance mission continued to take spy over Cuba and the same time the two nations that is US and the Soviet Union continued to exchange warnings. Finally the Soviet Union President Khrushchev declared the countries withdraw of the missiles from Cuba according to DAnieri (54). As a vector sum the United States also withdrew its missiles from Turkey which threatened the Soviet Union. After the Cuban Missiles crisis a hotline was installed between the two natio ns so as to resolve such treats in the future. Kennedys Assessment of discourse the Crisis and the Various Kinds of Advice Given Kennedys later assessment of the Cuban crisis was that if he has decided to follow the advice of the military force on the issue the US would have failed in handling the Cuban Missile crisis spark advance to the painful crisis ever. During the various white houses meeting Kennedy held with his advisers, he received various options regarding the solution to the crisis. Kennedy chose his advisers from various areas in order to gain a wide range of proposals according to Siracusa (67). On the first day of the first meeting, every 1 in the meeting advocated for bombing of Cuba. However Kennedy and others kick upstairs a surgical attack which they considered equal to the scale of attack from the Soviet Union. By the third day of the crisis an advice came from the Secretary General of states who suggested a US surprise attack to Cuba. The Executive Committee (ExComm) itself had six solutions which it advised the president on concerning the Cuban missiles one of them was taking no action which would put the country in danger and make the president tactile property weak. The second was appealing for help from the United Nations but could not work since the then UN chairman of its security measures councils was from the Soviet Union. The third option was a secret approach to Castro, however this could not work since the weapons were possess by Soviet Union not Castro. Their other possible advice was an attack on Cuba through this would speck to nuclear war according to Bostdorff (54). The fifth advice was to undertake a surgical air strike which would go on all missile sites. However this would have led to third world War, therefore the most favored advice of the ExComm was the blockade which was aggressive enough and gave Khrushchev a second thought on the crisis. Aid to Africa during and After the Cold War During the cold War Donors geographical political objectives weakened the worthiness of threats to determine distribution of guardianship based on the adoption of the democratic modifications. Particularly during this period, aid to African countries was mostly allocated based on political allegiance as opposed to performance as suggested by Segell (206). As a result this caused abuse and other cases absolute theft of world wide assistance by the fraudulent authorities official. Strategic alliance was the major driving force in development assistance since the security imperatives controlled the

Analysis of an Ethical Conflict in Practice Research Paper

Analysis of an honest Conflict in Practice - Research Paper ExampleI personally believe that establish on the various honorable principles, that assisted felo-de-se must not be effectiveized. Measures to resist its transportation into law are being proposed in this paper, along with active measures to advocate for patients lives not their death.Physician-assisted suicide is one of the most controversial issues in health care today. It is an issue which straddles both the legal and ethical planes of health care practice it is also an issue which is not likely to be full resolved even with the application of legal provisions and accepted ethical principles. This paper shall discuss the ethical issues in assisted suicide. It shall identify its stakeholders, along with their claims and interests. This paper shall also describe this students nett ethical position on the resolution of the conflict. A specific moral action shall also be presented in this paper in the hope of coming up with a clear and comprehensive sagaciousness of this subject matter.Physician-assisted suicide is defined as the voluntary termination of ones own bread and butter by the administration of a lethal substance with the direct or indirect assistance of a physician (Medicine.net, 2004). It is the practice of giving a fully competent patient medication in aver to demise his or her life. The state of Oregon is the only state in the US which has legalized this practice. It has allowed terminally failure residents to receive and obtain prescriptions from their physicians and later to take these medications to end their lives. Assisted suicide is a practice which is distinguish from euthanasia in the sense that, in euthanasia, the physician is the one who administers the medication in order to end the patients life. There may or may not be knowledge or consent on the patients part. In assisted suicide, the will and request to commit suicide comes from the patients, and the physicians r ole is to assists in the process (Medicine.net,

Reflection paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 16

Reflection paper - Essay ExampleHowever, most of the multitude make judgments from looks. community sometimes try to guess my birth line of reasoning. Normally, when somebody doesnt know me, he asks me what my ethnic origin is. Normally, my ethnic origin is guessed or asked when I come across strangers.People cannot tell confidently where I am from because I look as much British as I look American, Canadian or Australian. Basically they pay attention to my lyric, and try to find similarities with the type of English spoken in the different countries where English happens to be the first language.I pay most attention to the way I speak. I believe that English is a very good language, and has proper grammar and rules of speech that are macrocosm frequently overlooked in the present age. People are relying upon slangs and short-cuts and as this has become a practice, the grammatically correct English is receding. I tend to maintain English in its correct form as I speak. I try to sp eak it correctly so that the original form of the English language is sustained.Since I tend to speak English correctly unlike most of the people with whom I conduct my ethnic origin, people who dont know me try to judge my ethnic origin from my accent, exclusively very few actually make the correct judgments. I cook noticed that when they find that they go through guessed my ethnic origin wrong, they tend to be sorry and respectfully ask me where I belong.Yes, I do trick people about my origin just for fun. I have noticed that people have preconceived notions about people belonging to specific ethnic origins. I like to experience how people would deal me if they thought that I was from a different ethnic origin than what my ethnic origin is. Usually, when I tell lie to someone telling him that I am from the same ethnic origin as he, the other persons attitude becomes much more over-whelming and welcoming. People tend to develop intimacy with people

Find something interesting Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Find something interesting - Coursework eventThis new approach in accommodateing mind uses developingary psychology approach to explaining how a collection of apprised handstal programs have constantly evolved to solve the adaptive problems such as language acquisition, catch selection, cooperation and sexual infidelity (Delton et al. 1).It is also interesting how the others talk about the mate privilegeence. According to the evidence and evolutionary theory, psychology has developed male mates prefer to date young female mates. While, female mates prefer high status male mates because it seems rather obvious. The authors also explain that in real-life contexts, male mate prefer younger female mate and female prefer high status male mates, only it is rather astonishing as the theory suggests that the evolution as played a role in this mate preference. David Buller, a critique of the theory and results from evolutionary psychology, dismissed such claims (Delton et al. 1).Acc ording to this theory of evolution and psychology, sex preference development is a biological process and evolve as people adapt to the environmental changes (Delton et al. 2). The development of the sex preference takes place due to the pressure of the physical and sociable environment. Women and men differ in sexual preference since both are faced with distinct physical and social environment (Delton et al. 1). For example, when looking for a mating partner, female mates are more look up with the security measure and survival of their offspring, therefore, they will seek for men with such qualities. Men, on the other hand, are less concern with the reproductive. According to this theory, the psychological difference between men and women also helps explain their sexual difference in sexual preference. Women and men occupy a different role in the society, therefore, are faced with different pressure (Delton et al. 3).According to Buller, no solid empirical results as ever been p roduced by evolutionary psychology. He went

Utilitarianism - Act and Rule Essay Example for Free

Utilitarianism Act and Rule Essay

Teaching, planning and learning Essay Example for Free

Teaching, planning and tuition EssayThe initiate first opened its adits in 1958 with nevertheless 10 teachers who looked after a total of 222 learners at that time. The late domesticate was created fromseveral both-age schools from around the bea of the sm solely agricultural village. In 1976, the school was extended and right pip has totally over 800 mixed gender pupils age 11-16, mostly from flirting caste backgrounds. divert identify to appurtenance 1 on foliate 14, for a t fit that orients the growth of pupils between 2011 and 2012.The Head Teacher states that the school go forth continu exclusivelyy seek opportunities to develop personal, favorable, moral codes and independent envisageing and matching skills that the pupils eject obligate to either coursen situation. The Ofsted Inspection Report (October 2012), regards this as a better school and that the recently constitute Head Teacher has effrontery a vision for the future and has implemen ted considerable change in a suddenly time. This has resulted in rapid, both round amendment within the school.The pedagogics group in which I provide be converseing and evaluating in this paper is Year 8 Set 3 at KS3 level, in this class there be 30 pupils and both pedagogy attendants as hygienic as the teacher. There is a strong gender balance and behaviour is okay overall. Pupils were previously ranging from level 5A to 5C and they were all expected to hit their sliting grades which tend to increase by 3 sublevels leaving them at a level 6A to 6C respectively by the end of the academic year. In this class, there is one SEN pupil with comprehend difficulties and two vulnerable pupils who submit extra support from the circumscribed support rung.Rationaleoer a sequence of four lessons program line fractions, helpings and decimals, a wide range of methods were subprogramd in relation to the picky group of pupils and the scholarship objectives. The structure of the lessons was taught generally in tierce parts, which consisted of a through and through the door crackpot, a main teaching and tuition section and a plenary.At the first gear of each lesson, I mollify the pupils d admit by telling them a mathematical harlequinade related to the go forthlet I am ab aside to teach or by doing a math magic conjuring, which skill include kind maths or apply a estimator. Please refer to Appendix 2, for an example of a joke/magic trick and why this can be mapful. I would then explain how to cast off it away the starter if they had not already started to do so or if it was not self-explanatory.After the starter, I implement a literacy element into the lesson by pick outing a few pupils to read the learning objectives out loud then they withal redeem a bun in the oven to pen it into their books underlined with the date and level. I alike display to them how I expect them to progress end-to-end the lesson using good, better and perish as simplyt joints but I do not attempt them to feign this into their books as that has proven be time consuming. Bellamy (1999) supports the idea of learning objectives to be appropriately differentiated.Teacher laudation is one tool that can be a powerful motivator for pupils. Surprisingly, research suggests that praise is under affaird in both general and special- direction schoolrooms (Brophy, 1981 Hawkins Heflin, 2011 Kern, 2007), therefore I try to single-valued function praise as practically as I can to reinforce good behaviour and public figure strong relationships with the pupils.I use an kindle method for hesitancying pupils whereby I have a jar of different coloured lollypop sticks with the pupils names on, so when I wish to ask a question it appears to be fair, random and it keeps the pupils engaged because I slightlytimes place the lollypop sticks back in the jar so the same person may get asked a question more than once. Sometimes, I might ask an o pen-ended question and charge it at the totally of the class, then ask the pupils to regard about it independently or discuss it with the person sitting contiguous to them, these questions usually involve problem solving.As well as questioning, there atomic tally 18 several new(prenominal) methods, which can be incorporated into the planning of progress throughout a lesson for example, the use of mini uninfected boards and traffic light cards, overly getting the pupils to write a response in their books about how they flavour about a veritable topic.During this sequence of four lessons, there would usually be around 10-15 legal proceeding of me teaching and the pupils numerateening, whereby the pupils may get under ones skin notes and copy examples then the pupils would fake quietly and independently to illustrate spirit. For those pupils who require a little more explaining, this would be a chance for them to receive some mortal teaching from a member of staff in th e class. I communicate to the teaching assistants when I would like them to whirl around the class or hand out worksheets.Tracking pupils progress over time to specify the planning of teaching and planning teaching that is matched to pupils needs is key. Please refer to Appendix 3, for further steering from LGfL Learning Grid for Lancashire (2014) for Assessing Pupils Progress (APP) in maths. Whilst the pupils ar working independently, I would walk around the class systematically checking for progress making sure the pupils ar rotaryting their work out coverly and achieving the correct answers and withal checking what speed they are working at, as some pupils work a lot speedy than others in this class. Therefore, I always have an extension worksheet or an supererogatory project available of a slightly more challenging level. Rooney (2008) supports the need to post extension work for the more able that entrust engage and challenge them, whereas Kompany (2005) deals pupils should be accelerated to the appropriate level earlier.I have used self- estimate and peer- estimation in these lessons whereby the pupils mark their have got work or they swap books with the person sat near to them. I entrust paired work for tasks and games is beneficial as the pupils can learn from each other. harmonize to Ofsted, good sagaciousness practice in mathematics includes day-to-day sagacity, sign and feedback, and the use of judging to set backsides.BECTA (2004) suggests that, using interactional whiteboards to enrich the teaching of mathematics and assist in managing the learning environment can be achieved by the display and review of learning objectives and key vocabulary, save screens and move between them, remind pupils of materials covered in previous lessons, set up group work and discussion tasks, use the hide and reveal features of the IWB package to work through the travel ofa solution, provide a count d profess for timed activities. I make u se of ICT regularly in my lessons, whether it is a basic PowerPoint one slide with the learning objectives on to save time and synergistic games on the white board.I always try to include a real life example into every topic I teach and this particular topic unquestionably has a functionality element to it as fractions, percentages and decimals are used in every day life plain at the age of 12, the topic similarly links to other overts such as science, food engineering science and business studies.As a plenary, I have used several methods, which I have set in motion to be successful with this class for example exit cards or a GCSE exam question from previous papers. I believe that they get a real sense of operation when they manage to complete a GCSE exam question because they are only in Year 8 and they are able to answer an exam question that they might get asked to complete in Year 11.I review the schools chump policy using WWW what went well, EBI still better if and MRI my response is. This yields the pupils an opportunity to do to feedback. Please refer to Appendix 4, to view an example of my marking and feedback. Pupils are expected to respond in the MRI section demonstrating communication between the teacher and the pupil.EvaluationLessons in this school have sixty-minute term therefore I believe the three-part lesson structure to be substantial. Because of the age of the pupils, I raise the mathematical jokes and maths magic tricks super telling in the sense that it settled the pupils down at the beginning of the lesson, it helped to build a good relationship with the pupils also creating a little bit of fun and something to look in front to within the lesson, which in submit lead to better behavior and attitudes towards mathematics as a able. It is also useful for practicing mental maths for improving skills like using a calculator. This approach may not be assuccessful with a Year 11 class. In my experience, I have imbed it to be more effective to have the starter readily available for the pupils, either on their desks or on the board so that they are engaged as soon as they walk through the door and they are not waiting for pupils that are late. Please refer to Appendix 5, for an example of a starter that is related to the topic in question and I usually display on the smart-board. Of course, starters do not have to be related to the topic all the time but in this sequel I used my starters to recap what we had covered in the previous lesson.Getting the pupils to read, listen and write the learning objectives is important for improving literacy which is important across the whole curriculum (old and new) and I do this at the beginning of every lesson for consistency, the pupils know what to expect and they enjoy being conscious of what level or sublevel they are working at. I have developed my praising strategy by rationalising how and when I use praise because using praise excessively can lead to neg ative reactions from pupils not receiving praise even when they had done their best. Effective teacher praise consists of two elements a description of noteworthy student academic carrying into action or general behaviour and a signal of teacher approval (Brophy, 1981 Burnett, 2001). I have effect the different coloured lollipop sticks method of questioning to be very successful as the pupils ring it is a fair system but it isnt entirely random, as I have in truth coded the different sublevels of the pupils to the different colours. For example, if I wanted to ask a hard question I would select a red stick which indicates the pupil is strong and confident but if I wanted to give a weaker pupil a confidence boost then I would select a kB stick and ask a relatively easy question.This demonstrates an element of differentiation. The National Council of Teachers of maths (NCTM) believes effective questions are an integral part of a successful mathematics classroom. Some research su ggests that as oftentimes as 50 percent of classroom time is spent asking questions and eliciting responses. Instruction that includes questions during lessons is more effective in producing achievement gains than instruction carried out without putting questions to students. Please refer to Appendix 6 on page 18, for some reasons as to why we ask questions particularly in mathematics. I have made use of mini white boards, traffic lights cards and pupil feedback within these lessons. I prefer the use of mini white boardscompared with the traffic light cards because the cards can be very vague and some pupils tend to follow the trend alternatively than being entirely truthful, whereas the mini white boards are excellent for AFL because the answers are independent and more detailed so its easier to trace errors and areas for improvement. The Guardian (2014) describes how teaching assistants are a vital source of support for teachers and knowing how to manage them can be tricky. I have embed that giving the teaching assistants ownership within the classroom has made it easier to get them onboard with my ideas. It is important to communicate with them exhibit class interaction destiny decision-making building on the TAs strengths and share feedback with each other.I have found support staff to be very useful in lessons, as they can provide individual teaching for pupils that may be struggling, they support SEN and vulnerable pupils, they are also more than willing to assist in handing out worksheets or collecting homework. The Department for Education states that, all children and young people with special educational needs or disabilities (SEND) should be able to reach their full potential in school. They should also be supported to make a successful transition into adulthood, whether into employment, further or higher education or training. Please refer to Appendix 7, for further cultivation of how I have deployed support staff within lessons. According to Ofsted, good opinion practice in mathematics includes day-to-day appraisal, marking and feedback, and the use of judgement to set targets. Please refer to Appendix 8, for a summary of how Ofsted outline shaping and summational assessment. I have adopted a number of effective methods outlined by Black and William (1998), that have developed approaches to self and peer-assessment with the aim of enabling pupils to share the learning intentions so that they understand where they are target develop confidence and skills in judging their own performance and reflect on their work and that of others to learn how to improve it.I particularly like some of the additional uses of ICT that BECTA (2004) highlighted above and although I havent adopted some of the methods yet, I believe they would be very useful and I will be using them in future. But first, I will have to learn how to use these additional features of an interactive whiteboard and I will develop this during my next placemen t. Providing real life examples and relating functional skills to mathematics is important for load-bearing(a)the transfer of meaningful information at key transitional points and facilitating the setting of meaningful curricular targets that can be divided up with pupils. The DfE state that functional skills aim to help people read, write, speak English and use mathematics at the level they need to function and progress both at school and elsewhere. Mathematics in everyday life refers to the way humans use math to complete certain tasks throughout the day, an example I used for this topic was a person may use math when they are out shopping and trying to calculate the total cost of the items they are buying after a 15% decrease in the January sale. I have found the use of exit cards or a GCSE exam question, as a plenary to be highly successful with this group receivable to their age.It appears to me that they actually enjoy writing on the little, colourful exit cards then handin g them to me at the door as they leave. They are given a choice as to what they can write on the card, for example, they might write what they have learnt in the lesson or how they feel about the topic or they might write a question down for something they wish for me to brood. This serve allows me to assess for learning and plan how to progress in future lessons. As well as following(a) the schools marking policy, I also provide additional oral feedback preferably than relying almost exclusively on marking or write feedback in pupils books, and I help pupils develop skills in marking and reviewing their own work and that of their peers in order to involve pupils more in marking and feedback so that they can progress further. Overall, I have found most of my teaching methods to be effective and successful. The pupils have met their targets and achieved the learning objectives. I have adapted all the methods mentioned above and tried different approaches to establish this. In t he future, I aim to satisfy the targets that I have set myself throughout the analysis to improve my teaching methods further.Review of Assessment TheoryOfsted (2013) outline, how effective assessment practice in mathematics is associated with systematic arrangements for actively promoting, monitoringand recording pupils progress also that it is used as a teaching tool for judging attainment. Teachers should review pupils progress closely as part of daily classroom practice, involving pupils in the assessment of their own strengths and weaknesses and provide feedback. According to Black and William (1998), effective formative assessment is a key factor in motivating learning and raising pupil standards of achievement. Formative assessment, is most effective when it is embedded in the teaching and learning play sharing learning objectives with pupils it helps pupils to know and recognise the standards to aim for it provides feedback for pupils to divulge what they should do to impr ove it involves teachers and pupils reviewing their performance and progress and it can involve pupils in self-assessment. For example, pupils marking and reviewing their own work.The provision of effective marking and feedback on work can raise pupil achievement this use of assessment information is beginning to promote effective practice in mathematics. It is suggested that some teachers feel that they are spending a large amount of time marking but it seemed to have little cushion on pupils subsequent work and that they would prefer to provide more oral feedback rather than relying on indite feedback in pupils books. Teachers can overcome this challenge by helping pupils to develop skills in marking and reviewing their own work and that of their peers in order to involve pupils more in marking and feedback. (Ofsted reports, 2013)For pupils to learn effectively, they need to identify any gaps between their actual and optimal performance. Many approaches to self and peer-assessme nt have the aim of enabling pupils to share the learning intentions so that they understand where they are heading to develop confidence and skills in judging their own performance and reflect on their work and that of others to learn how they can improve. (Hawkins Heflin, 2011)Kern, L. Clemens, N. H. (2007), highlight that due to recent changes to strategies, some good mathematics teachers make effective use of assessment data to set targets for individual pupils. This process is particularly effective when two targets are set with the higher one being more manquethan the prediction based on the data. The aim is for pupils to have an idea as to where they are in the process and where they are heading and what is possible if they are ambitious.In mathematics, Bellamy (1999) states that the most effective targets set for pupils are often curriculum-specific. These are associated with a significant but manageable learning objective (e.g. simplify fractions by cancelling all common factors) discussed with pupils and expressed in a form that they can understand relatively short-term and subject to regular revision and retained where they are accessible to pupils.To add up, formative assessment is that undertaking the assessment constitutes a learning experience in its own right, for example writing an essay or undertaking a class presentation, can be expensive formative activities as a means of enhancing knowledge as well as for developing research into mathematics, communication, intellectual and organisational skills. Formative assessment is not often include in the formal grading of work, and indeed many another(prenominal) believe that it should not be. In contrast, summative assessment is not traditionally regarded as having any intrinsic learning value. It is usually undertaken at the end of a period of learning in order to generate a grade that reflects the students performance. The traditional unseen end of module examination is often presented as a typical form of summative assessment. But Black and William (1998) recommend Frequent short tests are better than infrequent long ones. We have highlighted two important points from this differentiation. Firstly, there is no reason why only summative assessment should be include in any formal grading of pupil progress and performance, it is perfectly appropriate to have elements of formative assessment as part of the final grade as well.The second point is that the singularity between formative and summative assessment may be a false one. Whilst some elements of assessment may generate a greater formative learning experience than others, it can be argued that all forms of assessment have some formative element. For example, students undertaking a degree course where assessment consists of written assignments and end of module examinations will over the period of the course improve their examination technique, this is a formative learning experience. Perhapsinstead of becoming over ly concerned with whether an assessment is formative or summative in nature it may be better to see various types of assessment as a continuum of the formative learning experience. In conclusion, research indicates that improving learning through assessment depends on phoebe bird simple factors the provision of effective feedback to students the active involvement of students in their own learning adjusting teaching to take into account results of assessment a recognition of the profound influence assessment has on the motivation and self esteem of students and lastly the need for students to be able to self assess themselves and understand how to improve.But at the same time, there are several other inhibiting factors, these include the tendency for teachers to assess quantity of work and presentation rather than caliber of learning giving greater attention to marking and grading (much of it fear to lower the self esteem of students rather than provide advice for improvement) so me teachers feedback to students often serves social and managerial purposes rather than to help them learn more effectively and teachers not knowing enough about their students learning needs.The characteristics of assessment that promote learning, are highlighted by Ofsted as follows it is imbedded in a view of teaching and learning of which it is an demand part it involves sharing learning goals with students it helps students know and recognise the standards they are aiming for it involves students in self-assessment it provides feedback which helps students recognise their next steps and how to take them it is underpinned by confidence that every student can improve and it involves both the teachers and students reviewing and reflecting on assessment data. If a teacher can adopt all or most of these characteristics into their assessment techniques then they are sure to be outstanding.The ways in which a teacher can achieve this in the classroom, when assessment is being used t o help learning is through observation this includes listening to how students describe their work and their reasoning. question using open-ended questions, phrased to invite students toexplore their ideas and their reasoning. Setting tasks in a way that requires students to use certain skills and apply ideas. Asking students to communicate their learning through drawings, actions, role-play, brainstorming key concepts, as well as writing. Discussing words and how they are used. Please refer to Appendix 3, for guidance from LGfL Learning Grid for Lancashire (2014) for Assessing Pupils Progress (APP) in Mathematics.Analysis of Summative Assessment TaskAccording to Glickman et al (2009), summative assessment refers to the assessment of the learning and summarises the development of learners at a particular time. After a period of work, e.g. a unit for two weeks, the learner sits for a test and then the teacher marks the test and assigns a news report. The test aims to summarise l earning up to that point. The test may also be used for diagnostic assessment to identify any weaknesses and then build on that using formative assessment. Black and William (1998) agree that, frequent short tests are better than infrequent long ones. This is the approach I have adopted for this summative assessment task.The summative assessment task that I have designed is aimed to check for knowledge, understanding and learning of the topic mentioned in the rationale. The medium term plan I set myself for this topic was to teach fractions, percentages and decimals, over a sequence of four lessons. Year 8 Set 3 have mathematics on their timetable double per week, therefore I was able to cover the content in two weeks. I informed them at the end of the fourth lesson that was on a Thursday, that they would be getting tested on Tuesday so they were aware that they were having a test to cover the content from the last four lessons. Hence, giving them a chance to revisal over the week end rather than overwhelming them on Tuesday.The areas covered in the four lessons and also included in the test are simple percentages that can be calculated mentally, using a calculator towork out percentages (including percentage increase and decrease), and to be able to convert between fractions and decimals. Please refer to Appendix 9, for a copy of the Summative Assessment and Answers. The instructions given on the day of the task were use a calculator where appropriate for example, to calculate fractions/percentages of quantities/measurements, calculate percentages and find the outcome of a given percentage increase or decrease and please work silently and independently.There are 30 pupils in this class including one SEN pupil with hearing difficulties and two pupils that have recently been moved up from Set 4. Pupils were previously ranging from level 5A to 5C and they were all expected to hit their target grades which tend to increase by 3 sublevels leaving them at a level 6A to 6C respectively by the end of the academic year. At the end of the task, I was able to mark the test and give them a grade at the end. Please refer to Appendix 10, for a copy of my anonymous class list with the grades awarded included. In these anonymous pupil records, we can see that the SEN pupil is highlighted in yellow because they were absent on the day of the test and the target level is below average the gifted and talented pupils are highlighted in green and by analysing the target grades we can establish that they may not necessarily be gifted and talented in mathematics, but rather in other subjects like Art, Dance and Physical Education. Although, a few of them have met their targets grades which are above average. The majority of the class met their target grades and a lot of them improved upon their target grade as I expected. each(prenominal) the questions in the test relate to real life and the only question that they all made errors on was finding 17.5% and th en adding it back on because it was VAT, even though Id given them a little clue by typing cost in capital letters.As well as marking and awarding a grade, I also make use of target stickers at the end of any assessment so that pupils know and recognise the standards they are aiming for and it provides feedback which helps students recognise their next steps and how to take them. Please refer to Appendix 11, for an example of a target sticker that I might use at KS3 level. I tend to provide oral feedback as well rather than relying exclusively on markingand written feedback.I found it difficult to decide on the assessment criteria for the marking and feedback on this given piece of work (for example, whether or not presentation is to be judged). So I decided to use the target grades as a guide to developing a mark scheme, which related to the test and the results as a percentage e.g. if they achieved 70% in the test then they would be awarded a grade 6A. It was difficult to determin e these boundaries because the test was quite short and partly biased because it was only testing one topic in mathematics and they had all weekend to revise. There was potential for them to score over 90% and this wouldnt be the case in an end of term test where many topics are combined into a longer test. This is one point that could be amended to improve the quality of this assessment in the future.Ofsted outline the characteristics of assessment that promote learning, to be imbedded in a view of teaching and learning of which it is an essential part and involves sharing learning objectives and goals with pupils. I have found the task to be successful in helping me determine the level of the pupils attainment and progress in mathematics. I believe that frequent short tests will over a period of time improve their examination technique, which is a formative learning experience. Black and William (1998) agree that, constantly assessing demonstrates confidence that every pupil can i mprove and it involves both the teachers and pupils reviewing and reflecting on the assessment data. Assessing Pupils Progress at Key Stage 3 is vital to introduce pupils progress over time to inform the planning of teaching matched to pupils needs and gathering diagnostic information about the strengths and areas of development of individual pupils and groups of pupils.AppendicesAPPENDIX 1The school are determined to close the achievement gap by ensuring that any pupils at risk of underachieving are identified early and support and noise is provided for these pupils. In particular those pupils thatare on FSM or classified as LAC. The following table shows the attainment of all pupils in Year 11 including those who were looked after or on free school meals. The brackets show the number or percentage of students on free school meals and or who are looked after.(FSM and or LAC)/ All Pupils20112012No. of pupils in Year 11 (GCSE)(7)/126(4)/140% gaining 5+ A*-C in both English and math ematics(57)/67(25)/68.5% gaining 5+ A*-C English(57)/69(50)/75% gaining 5+ A*-C Maths(100)/83(50)/76APPENDIX 2Mathematical jokes relating to the topicWho invented fractions? Henry the 1/8thI believe five out of four people have trouble with fractions.There are three kinds of mathematicians those who can count and those who cant.Math Magic / Number fun / Maths TricksTrick 1 2s trickStep1 Think of a number.Step2 Multiply it by 3.Step3 Add 6 with the getting result.Step4 divide it by 3.Step5 take off it from the first number used.Answer 2Trick 2 each NumberStep1 Think of any number.Step2 Double the number.Step3 Add 9 with result.Step4 sub 3 with the result.Step5 Divide the result by 2.Step6 Subtract the number with the number with first number started with. Answer 3Trick 3 Any three soma NumberStep1 Add 7 to it.Step2 Multiply the number with 2.Step3 Subtract 4 with the result.Step4 Divide the result by 2.Step5 Subtract it from the number started with.Answer 5I found the mathematica l jokes and maths magic tricks highly effective in the sense that it settled the pupils down at the beginning of the lesson, it helped to build a good relationship with the pupils, it created a little bit of fun and something to look forward to within the lesson, which in turn lead to better behaviour and attitudes towards maths as a subject. It is also useful for practising mental maths or for improving skills like using a calculator.APPENDIX 3Assessing Pupils Progress (APP) in MathematicsAssessing Pupils Progress is a structured approach to pupil assessment in Key Stage 3 to support teachers with making judgements about their pupils attainment, keyed into national standards developing and refining their understanding of progression in science gathering diagnostic information about the strengths and areas of development of individual pupils and groups of pupils tracking pupils progress over time to inform the planning of teaching planning teaching that is matched to pupils needssup porting the transfer of meaningful information at key transitional points facilitating the setting of meaningful curricular targets that can be shared with pupils and parentsAPPENDIX 4Marking exampleWWWYou understand and can write a percentage/fraction/decimal in either form in order to compare values. You can also calculate a percentage of a quantity and use this to increase or decrease a value.EBIWhen calculating a percentage increase/decrease of a quantity you use the multiplier method.Your work is excellent/good/satisfactory.MRI (response to feedback from the pupil)APPENDIX 5Starter related to percentagesFind 10% of the followinga) 300b) $200c) 50gd) 30pe) 45pf) 64g) $32h) 12gAPPENDIX 6why Ask Questions?The following is a partial list of the questions that teacher Peggy Lynn asked during her two lessons on direct and inverse variation. As you read each question below, think about Peggys purpose in asking it. Ask yourself, why did she ask that question? How did you come up with y our estimation?When you say pattern, what kind of pattern are you referring to? And what does that + 1 on the end mean?Any questions so uttermost?Why did you do 100 100?You seem pretty certain of that. Why do you think its not a direct proportion? So how many gallons would there be in 920,000 barrel?Could a direct variation have a negative slope?If you have zero drops, how much area should you have?What just happened there, when you doubled your volume?What about if you made the area of the base get smaller and smaller, your diameter got smaller and smaller. Whats going to happen to the height of your water?Questions in the math classroom serve a variety of purposes, from increasing student comprehension and clarifying student thinking, to aiding in social development. The following list gives many of the reasons teachers ask questions. To involve students in the lesson by letting them share ideas that provide clarification and a deeper analysis of problems Example You seem pretty certain of that. Why do you think its not a direct proportion? To provide assessment of what students know to help guideinstruction Example Why did you do 100 100? To enhance retention of important information and to provide increased understanding of the major mathematical skills and concepts. Example If you have zero drops, how much area should you have? To aid in classroom management by redirecting discussions, making sure that students comprehend directions, and checking for understanding. (Many questions in this category are not prepared in advance teachers ask them as the need arises.) Example Any questions so far?APPENDIX 7Deploying support staffCommunicationBe clear and specific dont assume that your TA knows what you want them to do. Think about how you would feel walking into a lesson and trying to decipher what to support the pupils with charm listening to the teaching segment. Its hard to manage all of this at once, especially because you were on break commerce and m issed the first seven minutes. Not all teachers have dedicated time to share and discuss lessons with their TA. But its essential to discuss your lessons plans, expectations, focus children and so on this will help you build a relationship with your TA and enable them to anticipate what you and the pupils will need throughout the year.Class interactionEmpowering your TA to be active in lessons not only enables them to raise their profile in the classroom, but also allows you to develop an engaging environment. Involve them in lessons and build a rapport where you can bounce off each other during sessions. The teachers and teaching assistants roles are different but both are important and your TA might have more experience in the school or with children. Be sure to admit this, always speak in a professional way and when there is conflict, clear the airand address the issue.Decision-makingAllowing your TA to make independent decisions that are in line with your classroom rules and beh avioural strategies is very empowering. Facilitating this will help keep the class running smoothly and promotes a team approach to teaching. As well as the benefit of building a good working environment, in the event that you are out of class for NQT time, off sick or on a course, you know that your classroom systems are being sustained, giving your pupils consistency, which is particularly vital in a primary classroom.Build on your TAs strengthsAsk your TA about their hobbies, experiences and what they would like to do in the classroom. This will give you a great insight into their strengths, skills and interests. Over time you will find that building on your TAs skills and strengths will enable you to get the best out of them, to the benefit of you and your pupils. Also be aware that an increasing number of TAs are graduates and have very valuable transferable skills.FeedbackEveryone benefits from feedback and your TA is no different. Give them details about what works well, rema in positive and give clear requests. Make sure the feedback is constructive and help your TA to see the bigger picture of what you are trying to achieve in your setting. If you would like to find out more, Maximising the impact of teaching assistants by Anthony Russell, Rob Webster and Peter Blatchford is well worth a read. Fundamentally, be conscious of planning for your support staff, it will empower them and allow you to have a greater impact on your pupils.APPENDIX 8According to Ofsted, good assessment practice in mathematics includes day-to-day assessment, marking and feedback, and the use of assessment to set targets.Formative assessment, or assessment for learning is most effective when it is embedded in the teaching and learning process shares learning goals with pupils helps pupils to know and to recognise the standards to aim for provides feedback for pupils to identify what they should do to improve has a lading that every pupil can improveinvolves teachers and pupils re viewing pupils performance and progress involves pupils in self-assessment.Five key changes to marking and feedbackdecrease the use of extrinsic rewards (house credits) as a number of pupils reported negative reactions to not receiving rewards even when they had done their best provide more oral feedback rather than relying almost exclusively on marking and/or written feedback in pupils books help pupils develop skills in marking and reviewing their own work and that of their peers in order to involve pupils more in marking and feedback decide on the assessment criteria for the marking and feedback on a given piece of work (for example, whether or not presentation is to be judged) be clear about whether to get pupils to correct their own work based on what purpose it will serve for a given piece of work. The most effective targets set by or for pupils are often curriculum-specific. These are associated with a significant but manageable learning objective (e.g. simplify fractions by cancelling all common factors) discussed with pupils and expressed in a form that they can understand relatively short-term and subject to regular revisionBibliographyAkin-Little, K. A., Eckert, T. L., Lovett, B. J., Little, S. G. (2004). Extrinsic reinforcement in the classroom Bribery or best practice. shallow psychological science Review, 33, 344-362. Sources Black, P., Wiliam, D. Inside the black box Raising standards through classroom assessment, www.kcl.zc.uk/depsta/education/publications/blackbox.html Black, P., William, D. (1998). Assessment and classroom learning. Assessment in Education, 5 (1), 774. Brophy, J. (1981). Teacher praise A functional analysis. Review of educational Research, 51, 5-32. Burnett, P. C. (2001). Elementary students preferences for teacher praise. Journal of Classroom Interaction, 36(1), 16-23. Daly, E. J., Martens, B. K., Barnett, D., Witt, J. C., Olson, S. C. (2007). Varying hindrance delivery in response to intervention Confronting and resol ving challenges with measurement, instruction, and intensity. School Psychology Review, 36, 562-581. Glickman, C.D., Gordon, S.P., Ross-Gordon, J.M. (2009).Supervision and instructional leadership a developmental approach Allyn and Bacon, Boston, MA. Haring, N.G., Lovitt, T.C., Eaton, M.D., Hansen, C.L. (1978). The fourth R Research in the classroom. Columbus, OH Charles E. Merrill Publishing Co. Hawkins, S. M., Heflin, L. J. (2011). Increasing secondary teachers behavior-specific praise using a video self-modeling and opthalmic performance feedback intervention. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions,13(2) 97108. Kern, L. Clemens, N. H. (2007). Antecedent strategies to promote appropriate classroom behavior. Psychology in the Schools, 44, 65-75. http//www.learner.org/workshops/algebra/workshop7/teaching.html4

Dance Paper Essay Example for Free

Dance constitution EssayIrish step bound has existed since the 1700s, over 300 years. Families in Ireland pay passed down Irish step terpsichore from generation to generation as a way of preserving their culture. spot the meaning of the bound remains the same, the performance and showmanship has changed dramatically. From girls and boys with pale skin and natural hair to girls with fake tanned skin, huge kinky wigs, and thousand dollar dresses and boys with fake tanned skin and outlandish outfits. Irish leap has become to a greater extent of a spectaclesuch as River jump and Lord of the Dance. Those dances are some of the most enjoyable and respected approximately the world. Over time this type of dance has motorn on a life of its own and changed from tralatitious to mod. Despite the changes, however, this dance has clung to the meaning and history behind each intense movement keeping the custom alive. Irish dance has such a strong response from those who are a part of the audience, command or dancing. It is so enthralling that in many ways it is sweeping the nations. Through schools where former dancers pull up stakes teach the reinvigorated comers and relay the traditions so they wont be lost in the past.This longing has command the way for many dance schools throughout the world. The diversity of schools and teachers has predate to a more unique anatomy of dance. The antithetical styles of the teachers and culture bleed through the movements and the school become products for that certain style of movement. On stature of the teachers styles, every dancer over time creates a rare technique that melds as a consentaneous with the impression of Irish dance. The fact that the dance is so out there and unique has given it a form of popularity in this century. Numerous people have taken the dance and attempted to improve it with modern aspects.Their efforts are to take the traditional aspect of the dance and form it to coincided with the t ime period in society. In the past this has been done by interest the dance into limelight. Taking methods of the dance or stick with the traditional movements and showing them in a way that would be more interesting to the public. Which is what was done with Riverdance and Lord of the Dance, which take the form of the dance and use it for a dramatic necessity. There are various parts of Irish dance that have lasted throughout the years to remain an influence on the form known today.These rudiments have laid the foundation on which the dance has grown. Performed mainly during festivals, which date from the period of Eric the Red and the Viking raids of Ireland. While the Vikings did destroyed most books and written records, it was acknowledged that melody and dance were important to the Celtic culture. These festivals were a categorisation of trade fair, political gathering, music, dance, sports, story give tongue toing and crafts. Today, the sole purposes of feiseanna are compe titive dance competitions. There is button up music, crafts, and trades, not as much.Officially there is no political aspect to the festivals anymore, many who participate would tell you otherwise. The reason that the traditional dance has remained apart of the world is because of the teachers and students. But in order to dance the students need movements, steps, and music to put them to. The dance mastersteachers of the 18th and 19th centuriesall had the same original dance steps, while they invented their own steps on top the original ones. There are two different roots, which made two forms of dance step dancingfrom a structural origin and ceili dancingfrom a traditional origin.There are four types of Irish music and dances that compose the step dance jig, the decline dances, reel, and hornpipe. All of these dances are more elaborate than ceili and require more teaching. A ceili is a gathering for music and dancedanced mainly for enjoyment and entertainment not competition. I t represents an informal tradition of dance that is generally harsh among people since prehistory. Ceili dances are danced in big groups and are pretty easy to learn. These basics of the dance have been changed in order to modernize it according to the present.The modern history of Irish dance began in 1893 when the Gaelic League was founded. This league was made to support the rebirth of Irish culture. Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, dance masters trained dancers. The dance masters were all male and traveled from town to town-teaching dance along with other life skills that applied at the time. Dance masters formed both the set and ceili dances, as well as the first schools of Irish dance. Now teachers are both women and men and are stipendiary for their services through their respective dance schools.During the period of the dance masters, stages were much smaller. As the art of Irish dance grew larger, the dancing was effected and the movement of dancers across a stage increased. Now judges go out mark dancers down point if said dancer doesnt move around the stage enough. Where the dancing took place changed too the outdoors to hotels or schools. In the 20th century, complex steps are perspicuous in the new style of dance. Teachers continuously try one another by affixing in new movement to every routineincluding, in some cases, gymnastics moves.These characteristics along with others allow the traditional dance to explore, evolve, and change into a more modern version of what it was. Irish dancing is a beautiful dance and art that despite being suppressed has risen about to mix with the modern culture creating an authoritative dance widely popular throughout the world. The feeling by the teachers, dancers, and audience around the world has lead to the dances modernization that has improved the dance by creating new steps and movement to add to the traditional ones.Irish dance that has a presence you cannot ignore and with any luck will live to evolve to withstand the course of time, entertaining whom ever is lucky enough to bare witness to this providential dance.Bibliography 1. Brennan, Helen. The Story of Irish Dance. Dingle, Co. Kerry, Ireland Brandon, 1999. Print. 2. Hall, Frank. Competitive Irish Dance Art, Sport, Duty. Madison, WI Macater Press, 2008. Print. 3. The History of Irish Dance. Irelandseye. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 April. 2012. 4. Cipollo, Kaelyn. Irish tone of voice Dancing. Historical Boys Clothing. N. p. , 10 May. 1998. Web. 7 April. 2012.

New Heritage Doll Essay Example for Free

New Heritage Doll EssayThis paper summarizes recent studies in behavioural payparticularly regarding securities industry anomalies and investor behaviorthat argon not reconciled with the conventional finance paradigms. This paper differs from previous survey literature in several aspects. We portray more than recent cover in the field, more literature on behavioural corporate finance, and provide statistics on the recent trends that atomic number 18 explored in behavioral finance papers. We expand the research scope to studies on Korean pecuniary markets, introduce specific funds using behavioral finance techniques, and discuss the challenges facing behavioral finance. Keywords Behavioral finance, grocery store anomalies, Market efficiency, Survey of literature*Hyoyoun Park Credit Analyst, Euler Hermes Hong Kong Services Limited, Suites 403-11, 4/F Cityplaza 4, 12 Taikoo crazy Road, Taikoo Shing, Hong Kong ph whizz +852-3665-8934 e-mail emailprotected**Wook Sohn (Co rresponding author) Professor, KDI School of Public Policy and Management, 87 Hoegiro, Seoul 130-868, Korea phone +82-2-3299-1062 e-mail emailprotected kdischool.ac.kr.4Seoul Journal of BusinessINTRODUCTIONAlthough Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) and the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), which read standard finance, are successful, the alternative approach of behavioral finance includes psychological and sociological issues when investigating market anomalies and individual investor behavior. In the financial markets, we often observe some phenomena which cannot be quick-scentedizeed rational numberly. For example, we do not eat up any logical bear witnesss on random walk in the stock price movement succession many fund managers use several behavioral concepts in their enthronement strategy. In corporate perspectives, connection geters and managers do not rely only on logical elements to make critical decisions on mergers and acquisitions and immature investment.Two of th e key topics discussed in behavioral finance are the behavioral finance macro, which recognizes anomalies in the EMH that behavioral models can explain, and the behavioral finance micro, which recognizes individual investor behavior, or biases that are not explained by the traditional models incorporating rational behavior. In particular, we employ the behavioral finance micro because it explains a number of important financing and investment patterns by using a behavioral approach, which expands on the research in the behavioral corporate finance field. This paper summarizes these two major topics in behavioral finance, which include behavioral corporate finance, and introduces proof that adopts behavioral concepts in the actual financial market. It likewise describes challenges to behavioral finance by reviewing recent studies and surveys.Recently admit theories in academic finance are called standard or traditional finance theories. Based on the standard finance paradigm, schol ars have sought to understand financial markets using models that presume that investors are rational. MPT and the EMH approach pattern the basis of traditional finance models1). How1) Harry Markowitz introduced MPT in 1952,and he illustrated relationships between portfolio choices and beliefs in terms of the evaluate returnsvariance of returns rule. Ricciardi and Simon (2000) defined MPT as an expected return, while standard deviations of particular securities or portfolios are agree with the former(a) securities or mutual funds held deep down one portfolio. Another major concept is cognise as the EMH, which states that investors cannot consistentlyever, if researchers only use the MPT and EMH, individual investor behavior is not easily understood.In contrast, behavioral finance is a relatively overbold concept in the financial markets, and is not employed within standard finance models it replaces traditional finance models, and it offers a give way model for human behavior . Although MPT and the EMH are considered as successful in financial market analysis, the behavioral finance model has been developed as one of the alternative theories for standard finance. Behavioral finance examines the impact of psychology on market participants behavior and the resulting prohibitedcomes in markets, focusing on how individual investors make decisions in particular, how they interpret and act on specific information. Investors do not always have rational and predictable reactions when examined through the lens of quantitative models, which means that investors decision-making processes also include cognitive biases and affective ( stimulated) aspects. The behavioral finance model emphasizes investor behavior, leading to various market anomalies and inefficiencies.This new concept for finance explains individual behavior and group behavior by integrating the fields of sociology, psychology, and other behavioral sciences. It also predicts financial markets. Resear ch in behavioral corporate finance studies highlights investors and managers irrationality, and shows nonstandard preferences, and faultfinding(prenominal) biases in managerial decisions. Currently, many companies apply behavioral approaches to determine important finance and investment patterns. some(prenominal) theories under the banner of traditional finance develop specific models by assuming the EMH and they explainphenomena in markets however, in the real financial market, many problems and cases cannot easily be explained via those standardizedmodels.In the cases involving managers or investors, indifferent(p) forecasts about upcoming events need to be developed and used to make decisions that best serve their own interests. In this type of situation, we need to entertain more realistic behavioral aspects, as there is evidence for irrational behavior patterns that cannot be explained by the traditional or standard financial theories. To be specific, Shefrin (2009) pointed out that the root cause of the globalachieve an excessive return over market returns on a risk-adjusted basis because all publicly available information is already reflected in a securitys market price, and the current security price is its fair value.Financial crisis of 2008 was a psychological, not primaeval phenomenon. Risk-seeking behaviors were discernible in the loss-dominant markets, while excessive optimism and confirmation bias acted as driving factors behind the crisis, and not fundamental factors such as terrorism, skyrocketing oil prices, or disruptive changes in the weather. We can understand, identify, and address psychological distortions in judgments and decisions by considering behavioral concepts, and then we can integrate both traditional and behavioral factors to be better prepared for dealing with any psychological challenges. As mentioned, managerial decisions are strongly affected by cognitive biases and emotional aspects in real financial markets, as human beings are not machines. Additionally, evidence ofmispricing and market anomalies that cannot be fully explained by traditional models, is prevalent.Thus, we would like to propose behavioral finance in this paper to clearly explain a number of important financing and investment patterns, aidinginvestors in rationality several abnormal phenomena by integrating behavioral concepts with existing.Ricciardi and Simon (2000) defined behavioral finance in the pursuit manner Behavioral finance attempts to explain and increase understanding of the reasoning patterns of investors, including the emotional processes involved and the compass point to which they influence the decision-making process. Essentially, behavioral finance attempts to explain the what, why, and how of finance and investment, from a human perspective (Page 2) (See figure 1). Shefrin (2000), however, mentioned the deflection between cognitive and affective (emotional) factors cognitive aspects concern the way people o rganize their information, while the emotional aspects deal with the way people feel as they register information (Page 29).We understand that there are several survey literatures on behavioral finance. However, this paper differs from the literature in several aspects. We introduce more recent papers in the field and expand the research scope to studies on Korean financial markets. We introduce more literature on behavioral corporate finance, provide statistics on the recent trends that are evident in behavioral finance papers, introduce the specific funds that are using behavioral finance techniques, and discuss the challenges of the behavioral finance model.Source Ricciardi and Simon (2000)particularly regarding market anomalies and investor behavior, which cannotbe explained by traditional finance paradigms. In section 2, we introduce two topics in behavioral finance cognitive biases and the limits of arbitrage. In section 3, we summarize the research on behavioral corporate fin ance. In section 4, we examine behavioral applications via two routes evidence from real investments and specific evidence from the Korean financial market. In section 5, we dissect the recent developments in behavioral finance publications. Section 6 discusses several challenges to behavioral finance and ends with suggestions for future research.TWO TOPICS IN BEHAVIORAL FINANCEBehavioral finance is a study that combines psychology andeconomics, and it tries to explain various events that take place in financial markets. For example, from the behavioral financeperspective, some individuals limitations and problems are shown in the expected utility theory and in arbitrage assumptions. In particular, there are two voice topics in behavioral finance cognitive psychology and the limits of arbitrage.2)Cognitive BiasesUnder the traditional and standard financial theories, investors are viewed as being rational. Basically, a rational economic person is an individual who tries to achieve discretely qualify goals in the most comprehensive and consistent way while minimizing any economic costs. A rational economic persons choices are determined by his or her utility function.

The New Calendar Essay Example for Free

The New Calendar EssayAs magazine changes, so does the schedule. In 1793, the Gregorian schedule was replaced by a bracing one. Dates were moved, months renamed and the number of age in a week increased. The reason for a brand- vernal calendar in France was to change and placement what was wrong in the original calendar. People who were with the natural calendar approved it, for it provided more prepare and and a better proportionalitying twenty-four hours. For those who were against the new calendar, claimed that it made working life more difficult and that it was against nature. The adoption of a new calendar was a major change during the French Revolution.The calendar was created by skilled astronomers and was believed to be correct. The new calendar was created to correct either the problems that were passed down to them for many generations. Many believed that the Gregorian calendar was corrupt and the vices should be corrected (Doc 9). The new calendar showed th e character of the revolution. Exactness, simplicity, reason and philosophy was used to create the new calendar. They believed that the new calendar will soon increase commerce and trade through uniformity of weights and measures. The arts and memoir will need new measurements of time.All errors of routine, which have been passed down, will now be erased (Doc 5). They also believed that it would direct farming much easier if the year was split up by seasons (Doc 4). This is bias because the people who created the new calendar probably were high class citizens and dont know how hard repel was for the farmers and the affects of more work years. Many people were in favor of this new calendar and were strong supporters. Many believed that the church calendar was brought upon ignorant people and that its main purposed was to mark the progress of fanaticism, debasement of nations, persecution and disgust.Also that as time creates new history it needs to be written in a different way ( Doc 2). Many back up the Tenth Day of the week. People enjoyed reciting deeds, reading republican accomplishments, and honoring the memory of generals who became martyrs. They claimed they gained virtue on their day of rest (Doc 6). Some where thankful for extra days of labor and less day of rest for the restless people (Doc 9). This is bias because if you have an easy job you would want to go to work but if you were brocaded and worked as a farmer who has do endure ifficult days of hard labor, you would be against the new calendar. well-nigh of the people were not in favor of this new change.Many believed that the new calendar makes it much harder to bind with neighboring countries and with the centuries before them. It creates an obstacle too difficult to overcome (Doc 3). This is bias because even though the countries may have some similarities, their traditions and customs will always be different. Farmers complained about having more days of labor and less days of rest. I n the ten day weeks, nine days are work days and one day is a rest day.They said that it was unbearable work and that they need more rest days from the harsh labor (Doc 7). Some say that the new calendar was forced upon the people as an act of despotism and that the holidays and festivals were based on it and were detestable (Doc 8). They also complained that at that place werent enough days of worship and that the extra days of worship should be reduced so Sunday is more beatified and that the prayers are accepted by God. This is bias because even if they turn that calendar back to the original, there is altogether one day of worship, the same as the new calendar.When the National Convention adopted the revolutionary calendar, there were many different reactions to this change. The reason for the new calendar was to create a change and fix all the errors with the Gregorian calendar. Many people thought the new calendar provided more work and production of goods and a better rest day. Those who were not in favor of this new calendar were against it because it created harder labor and less time for rest and worship. This ne calendar lasted through the republican era but was erased by Napoleon I in 1806.