Points About a Crafting Business

1. Why does crafting strategy have a strongly entrepreneurial character? Courtney (2) notes that in a rapidly changing environment, this year's indicators are not a good measure of what will happen in the future. Instead, there is a need to develop foresight. This involved looking to the future and spotting potential opportunities and potential threats before they are actually present. This is entrepreneurial in the sense that it involves looking to the future and seeing things before they are actually present. Crafting strategy also involves a new approach to business where the focus is on managing and risk and choosing the best kind of action, while there remains a level of certainty. These aspects of crafting strategy have a strong entrepreneurial character. Finally, crafting strategy requires vision and creativity. It differs from traditional management strategies because there are no certainties. Organizations cannot simply accept the environment as it is and aim to preserve the status quo. Organizations have to accept continual change, expect continual problems and challenges, and be innovative and creative in addressing these challenges. This need for innovation and creativity also has a strong entrepreneurial character. 2. What managerial purpose does the establishment of long-term objectives have? Long-term objectives are necessary to ensure that the organization is aware of what it wants to achieve. They focus the organization on its goals and provide a means of defining the desired outcome. Long-term objectives are also important because they are used to measure current and possible actions against. For example, the decision of whether or not to take a certain action can be based on whether or not it will help the organization achieve its goals. One of the other important points regarding long-term objectives is that they define the desired end-point, but do not define how that end-point is achieved. This means that the organization knows where it is going, but has the flexibility to adapt to the environment to determine how to get there. In this way, long-term objectives are important because they are a fixed point that guides the organizations toward its goals. 3. Competitive markets are economic battlefields. True or False. Explain. Competitive markets are economic battlefields. Thompson and Strickland note that in competitive markets, organizations constantly compete against each other in an attempt to gain advantages. One reason this is considered a battlefield is simply due to the competing. Another reason this is considered a battlefield is that organizations are competing to win the same thing, namely the consumer dollar. The third reason this is considered a battlefield is that a win by one organization means a loss for another. That is, for every consumer dollar that an organization wins, that is one less dollar going to a competitor. The next consideration is why it is considered an economic battlefield. The basic answer could be that organizations are competing to gain money, but there is more to it than this. It is also an economic battlefield because organizations win by improving economically. For example, if a manufacturing organization can find a way to produce a product for less money, they can pass this saving onto the consumer, and gain more consumers by having a lower price. Even if the price remains the same, organizations can benefit another way by producing the product for less, because they can invest that money into improving the product. The improved product then becomes the method by which they win the consumer dollar. Another important point is that winning economically often has future benefits. An organization that is winning the battle to win consumers will have more profits and these can be used to improve processes or products to provide even more future gains. Gains are also often made because their volume of trade increases. For manufacturers, they gain via economies of scale, where the more products that are made, the lower the cost becomes per product. The volume of trade can also give organizations more ability to negotiate with suppliers, partners, and retailers. The end result is that an organization winning the economic battle will often gain benefits that will allow it to improve economically even more. Returning to the battlefield idea, this can be considered as one army losing soldiers and become weaker, while the other army gains them and becomes even stronger. As the balance swings, the stronger side continues to increase in strength, forcing the weaker side out.

Is College Too Stressful?

College is a life changing experience for any person that wants to continue their learning experience, and since this is such a momentous occasion there are adjustments that must be made by students in order to succeed in college. With such drastic changes people going to college will be put under stress, and they will have to make certain decisions to make their college experience a doable one. Even though college tends to be stressful for student it should not be overwhelming or cause a student to break down and give up because it is too hard.Yes, college is very challenging at times, but is it too much of a challenge to where students will put under major amounts of stress and will break down from the constant flow of homework and readings that the professors assign? The answer to this question is no, college does not put too much stress on students because if a student is willing to make the right choices and sacrifice their effort and time then college would not be stressful. â €Å"Stress is a feeling that's created when we react to particular events.It's the body's way of rising to a challenge and preparing to meet a tough situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is how Teen Heath, an online article on defining what causes stress, describes what stress is. There are two different types of stress and they are good stress and bad stress. Good stress â€Å"tends to inspire us to rise to a challenge, so that we discover and experience more of our potential,† (Good Stress vs. Bad Stress paragraph 2), while bad stress, â€Å"leaves us feeling depleted and anxious† (Good Stress vs. Bad Stress paragraph 2). Most college students usually feel overwhelmed because they are not managing their time correctly and are doing everything at the last minute. If a college student has excellent time management and is responsible to make correct decisions then college will be less challenging and will promote good stress in their lives. Having good time management skills is very important when going to college because of excess homework and readings that are assigned by professors.In college a student has a lot of free time for doing homework because college classes are more of a lecture style setting, so students are usually taught what they supposed to know for the homework during class and given time outside of class to do the homework. Giving different classes a specific amount of committed hours will help with procrastination and a student will be able to organize when homework and study hours will be for each class. Having awareness of what your goals are will assist you in prioritizing your activities,† (Managing Your Time paragraph 1) if a student has a plan of attack of how they are going to complete their homework goals then they will be successful. Responsibility is also another key role in being successful for college and having a good stress environment.College students have a lot of freedom because most college students do not live with their parents, so there is no one to wake them up for class, telling them when to do their homework, or anyone to tell them when it’s time for them to go to bed. In college, you will have†¦ a great deal of freedom and flexibility,† (Managing Your Time paragraph 1) students must take the initiative to do what they know is right in order to accomplish their goal of doing well in college. There are many parties that happen on campus grounds and sometimes the partying will affect a student’s consistency of going to class because they partied too hard and were not able to get up for class, or they went to class and were too tired to focus.Then there are instances where a student is not consistent with their homework because they did not feel like doing it. Without parents as a constant reminder students need to adapt. Also, having too many class hours can hinder a student from being successful in college. A student must know what their maximum work load is, so they can take on the homework that the professors assign to them while still getting good grades. Many students tend to take on way more class hours than they are capable of causing them to feel very stressed out and hopeless.If a student does take on too many hours then they will end up having to sacrifice other classes in order to manage a decent grade for a harder class. Then some students take classes that they are under qualified for and then they end up struggling because they do not meet the credentials of that class. A student must know their limits in order to flourish in a college atmosphere. College can be very stressful for students because of some indirect causes from a student’s personal life.For example, a student might become very ill and is unable to attend class and they fall behind in class. If this were to happen then the student must communicate to their professor that they are struggling and they need help catching up. Professors tend to be very unde rstanding of a student falls behind in class as long as the student is telling the professor what is going on. Then there are scenarios where people have no choice but to take upper level classes within the same time frame because what degree they are majoring in makes it hard for them to spread out difficult classes.Also, some college students have children and that makes it harder for them to manage their time with doing homework from professors because they have to take care of their child first. Sometimes colleges do have professors that are very unreasonable with giving ludicrous amounts of homework and are not willing to make it manageable for students to succeed in their class, and if this scenario does happen then the student should either drop that class and take another time, or just try and find a different professor to take the class with.There are ways to make college less stressful if it is too stressful on a student as long as they communicate with their advisors or p rofessors. College may seem stressful because of poor time management, a student took too many classes, and the lack of responsibility that some students tend to have. With poor time management a student will be unorganized and will not be able to succeed because there is no routine for them to follow thus making it hard for the student to have a time slot for when they will study for test or do homework for a class.Also, students are liable to take on too many class hours and not have enough time to put in the effort of studying therefore they have to sacrifice one class over the other just to make ends meet. When a student goes off to college there is a lot of freedom because they are away from their parents and there is no one to tell them when to do their homework, so instead of focusing on studies they might go out with friends and reap the consequences of not doing their homework on time and not study for a test. College is stressful because students make it stressful with unw ise decisions that are made.

Bloody Sunday Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bloody Sunday - Essay Example Internment was introduced by the state authorities. In internment, the individuals who protested or were suspects were imprisoned without any trial. And it is believed that this Internment basically targeted the Catholics as most of the individuals imprisoned were Catholics. This Internment and unjust treatment of their community led the Catholics to protest for their rights. This peaceful rally was arranged by the Catholics on 30th January 1972. The rally was going peacefully until it was stopped at an army barricade. The whole situation turned to be ugly from here on when the protestors started being aggressive and hurled stones at the army. In response to this Water Cannon and rubber bullets were fired back at the crowd which went on for quite a while. This situation went on for a while because of which the Head Quarters ordered the Parachute Regiment to be deployed. Unusual events took place after the deployment when gun shots were fired at the rally by the army personnel and sev eral of the protestors were killed during this process. 13 casualties were at first reported at the site but after some months another individual who was shot succumbed to the injuries raising the death toll to 14. The unusual events of the incident have been provided from two different sources. The government sources put forward the event in such a way that the army personnel were at first shot at by the civilians and in self defense the army personnel had to shoot back. An army source which was interviewed after the event said that the civilians also possessed nail bombs and they were about to use them to harm the army. On the other hand this source is clearly denied by another eye witness of the event who was also interviewed. According to the eye witness the civilians did not possess any weapons and the army personnel were the first ones who shot the innocent civilians. These unusual

OBLIGATIONS A Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

OBLIGATIONS A - Essay Example re contractual relationship.3 In the milieu of lengthy negotiations between the contracting parties, it becomes difficult to establish whether the contract has been formed and the time when it becomes effective or the conditions under which it was formed.4 This document examines a case study involving a negotiation between Andalasia and Arundel PLC to determine whether their negotiations could be construed as offer and acceptance leading to a legal agreement. A contract must have an offer by from one party to the contract that must be accepted by the other party to signify mutual consent to form a legal agreement.5 Offer expresses the willingness of one party to enter into an agreement with another party under the terms specified in the offer and which the other party must accept outright. The offer must communicate their intention to the other party whose acceptance forms the basis of the legal relationship.6 The acceptance of an offer should not alter the terms of an offer a condition referred as â€Å"mirror image rule.†7 However, in case the party to whom the offer is made introduces new terms as the prerequisite for acceptance that will amount to counteroffer that is tantamount to rejection of the offer.8 As described in the principle of UNIDROIT, a contract can be established by an acceptance of an offer or conduct of the parties as long as they are sufficient to demonstrate agreement.9 The parties intending to form a contra ct must demonstrate their intentions to be legally bound before a contract is recognized as binding. In addition, there should be the consideration between the parties forming a contract though it needs not be adequate.10 Consideration could be anything of value exchanged between the parties or a detriment one party is likely to suffer due to the breach of conditions set in the agreement. There are other requirements the parties must satisfy in order to establish a formal agreement. For example, the parties must have contractual capacity

Medicare vs. Medicaid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Medicare vs. Medicaid - Essay Example It covers inpatient expenses such as rooms, meals and tests. Part B, known as supplementary medical insurance pays for necessary doctor, laboratory and some outpatient medical costs. It is financed by premiums paid by enrollees. Part C is the Medicare Advantage Program through which private plans provide benefits to enrollees. Part D is a prescription drug plan that covers some costs of drug and is extended to anyone eligible for Medicare. Taxes collected through the Federal insurance Contributions Act and Self employment Contributions fund the program. The government uses this to refund the services providers (Stanfield, Hui & Cross 2011). On the other hand, Medicaid is the second largest health insurance program that serves low income citizens. Each state has its own Medicaid eligibility criteria. Recipients include children under 6years and family income is at or below 133% of Federal poverty level, adults, elderly (over 65 years) and disabled persons who have no or no income and receive state assistance such as foster care assistance (Stanfield, Hui & Cross 2011). As mandated by the Federal government, Medicaid covers the cost of outpatient and inpatient care, family planning services, laboratory tests, X-rays, transportation, rehabilitation and physical therapy services. Payments by the State are made to the healthcare providers based on a fee for service terms or through health maintenance organizations. Then each state is reimbursed for a share of their Medicaid expenditure. Beneficiaries are exempted from copayments from family planning and emergency services. Both Medicaid and Medicare have had an impact on all stake holders. These programs have increased the number of citizens seeking medical and health services, therefore, is predicted growth in employment in the health sector. Demand for primary care is on the rise especially from physicians and nurses with advanced degrees. According to Stanfield, Hui & Cross (2011), as more

The Management of Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Management of Innovation - Essay Example .. the act that endows resources with a new capacity to create wealth† (Drucker, 2011). Considering the growing importance for innovation, this paper aims at identifying three organisations from a single industry and to study and analyse the innovation attempts by these companies. Chosen Industry and Companies: The industry chosen here is the IT and Computing Industry. The chosen companies here for this study include a) IBM, b) Microsoft and c) Google. The main reason to choose this industry is the every changing market for these products and services. Also, IBM, Google and Microsoft are multinational companies with a wide presence across the globe hence these are the best companies to be studied for their attempts and approaches towards innovation. Industry Analysis: Several studies have confirmed over the past few years that innovation is becoming an important aspect of the businesses. Almost 90% of the businesses treat innovation as a priority and this has led to a significa nt increase in the innovation and the need and importance of innovation (Shukla, 2009). It has clearly been noted that innovation has a major impact on the strategic planning in the industry and is also a major factor in wealth creation as well. The information technology industry as a whole is an ever changing environment. According to Peter Drucker, a company which is unable to innovate in the current age of necessitating innovation then the company can face decline and extinction. The information technology industry is one where the companies need to be able to be innovative to be able to compete in the markets. A recent issue in the IT industry was where Microsoft has been faced with a high pressure due to the new Apps created by Google. Microsoft owns as much as 33% of the total markets and the company caters to a majority of the market (Vellante, 2010). Studies have also shown that the determinants of innovation and productivity are mainly competition. The IT industry has a hi gh level of competition and everyday one business or another seem to innovate something new, products, services or even new business systems. As very well identified by Peter Drucker, innovation is generally based a few main factors. Each of these has been discussed in brief in relation to the IT industry. Firstly, every company in the IT industry has faced several unexpected successes and failures. These as explained by Drucker is one of the few reasons and also an opportunity for companies to adopt innovation. Secondly, as seen the IT industry is one which has a constantly changing market, demographics and also market structure. Hence when a company is a part of this industry it is crucial that innovation is focused upon. Also, with the current knowledge and information based world, customers are looking for the best and latest options and prefer to have more innovative options rather than the old products and services with no improvements (Luebke, 2010). Hence a company participa ting in the IT industry requires innovating not only to meet these new knowledge needs but also to be able to develop and sustain itself in the industry against the competition. Hence considering these factors and elements, it is crucial to be innovative and to device innovative products and serv

Perception of the power of language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Perception of the power of language - Essay Example The power of language therefore depends on an individual’s perception which encompasses a collaboration of values, beliefs and experiences that person has encountered in one’s life. In this regard, the essay aims to proffer one’s personal perception of the power of language. By initially providing a definition of the term language, one would eventually delve into the role that language played in life. UniXL, an education and career information portal, defines language as â€Å"a system of communicating with other people using sounds, symbols and words in expressing a meaning, idea or thought. This language can be used in many forms, primarily through oral and written communications as well as using expressions through body language† (UniXL, par. 2). When differentiated with communication, per se, tool of verbal communication using words to express the message being relayed. Communication, per se, is defined as â€Å"â€Å"process of transmitting thoughts, feelings, facts, and other information† through verbal or non-verbal means (Delaune and Ladner. 475). Verbal messages are messages communicated with the use of words and language. These messages can either be spoken or written. Non verbal communication, on the other hand, is the process of transmitting messages without words, that is, through body language (Delaune and Ladner, 480). Mead (1934) averred that â€Å"language makes it possible to replace behavior with ideas. Non verbal communication in conjunction with social interaction assisted in the development of the human potentials of language† (87). Language for me has been recognized as a crucial tool to facilitate understanding. Aside from one’s native tongue, it has been inculcated that English, as the international language understood by majority of people around the world, should be embraced as a second language where skills must be honed, both in communication and in writing. Teachers in primary

Tuition Reimbursement Implementation Report Term Paper

Tuition Reimbursement Implementation Report - Term Paper Example tivation to the employees who are compensated for having business communication degrees, the company will get to benefit massively from a good reputation, effective advertising and marketing as well as in other ways. Business communication is important for every kind of business. Businesses always need to relay information amongst their stakeholders, promote products, and in dealing with legal issues. The business also needs to relay information between its supply chain. The information that is being passed between the business stakeholders needs to be accurate and effective if the organization must continue to be in existence. This is the essence of business communication. Businesses communicate using various methods in communicating their issues to various parties. Some of the most common means that they use include video conferencing, websites, emails, telephones, forum boards, reports, face-to-face meetings and presentations (O’Neil & Gaye, 2006). Business communication is applied in a whole range of business activities including customer relations, public relations, community engagement, consumer behavior, and advertising. Other activities that fall within the gambit of business communication include employee engagement, research and measurement, event management just to mention a few according to O’Neil and Gaye (2006). Considering the skills that they gain from the training that hey receive in college, Business Communication graduates usually have a lot to offer when they get employed by companies. Every forward thinking organization should seek to properly reward and motivate productive employees (Martocchio, nd). This report seeks to highlight the main reasons for the proposal that employees with business communication degrees should be better compensated in terms of tuition reimbursement benefits owing to the nature of their training and potential benefits to the company. Graduates with Business Communication degrees have a lot to gain in the

The Gender of the Travestis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

The Gender of the Travestis - Essay Example Interesting a topic, Kulick undertakes to study the lives of the travestis and their general take on the question of gender identity. So to what gender do travestis belong to? Kulick, through a series of illustrations and interviews with volunteer travestis, gives comprehensive details about the travestis. Surprising as it can be for a person changing his or her gender, to the travestis, it is a norm. Most people who hear of travestis the first time think of them as being abnormal. They are somewhat an in-between gender, completely lost from the normal life and perhaps they live in a world of their own, away from reality. Kulick candidly suggests: â€Å"We see reality like it is, they [travestis] don’t. They live in a world of fantasy.† (p.94). Kulick finds out that travestis are not generally accepted in their homes or families. Once they start on the journey to becoming travestis, often at the age of as low as ten, they are no longer wanted by their parents. Their spirit growing stronger, most aspiring travestis will choose to leave their families and go out on their own, and some are forcibly expelled (p.59). Kulick gives an example of Keila, a travesti who chose to leave their home at the age of thirteen (p.59) and went to live alone, this time too choosing a female name. This tells about the pains the travestis are determined to endure to be fully free, or else to belong to the ‘gender’ of their choice. That is not the end: â€Å"Travestis consider that males are males and females are females because of the genitals they possess.† (p.193). This derives a strong conviction, on their part, that they should retain their genitals – it does not matter the genital one possesses and at least they respect God’s thus creation of genitals (p.193) – so the travestis never remove their penises.

The Chrysalids by John Windham Essay Example for Free

The Chrysalids by John Windham Essay By the time David is sixteen, he has undergone a major change in thinking. Not only is he more sure of his views towards Waknuk society and its beliefs, he is more self aware of the dangers of being found out. He has matured greatly; his views are not influenced by his teachings, he has his own opinions. The first time Davids first small doubts started to emerge was after he met Sophie. Upon meeting her, she had seemed absolutely normal; even upon seeing her foot, his rote learned teachings did not come to mind; he simply felt sorry for Sophie. Upon being confronted by Sophies mother, about the importance of keeping her secret to himself, he does not really understand the reason of the emphasis being put on keeping the secret. It is only after he sets off for home that he realizes that Sophie does not conform to the true image, and is therefore classified as deviant. David does not understand why a small toe should make a difference, and so continues his friendship with her. They are very close; he picks a fight with the stronger Alan Ervin for her, and only gives away her secret after a huge beating. For him, it is not the beating that causes him so much pain, than the pain of self-contempt, of having given her secret away. He even tells the inspector a bit of what he thinks about Sophie being a mutant. Though David is not seen thinking about her later in life, his brief friendship with her has a huge impact on him. His conversation with the inspector is the first time his views have differed from those that he has been taught. Till the very end, he refuses to accept that Sophie is the work of the devil. He also begins to realize the danger that he might be in if found out. If she could be treated the way she was, so could he. Therefore, indirectly and directly, Sophie plays a huge part in helping Davids views evolve and change. Another character who greatly helps shape Davids views is Uncle Axel. He is Davids best friend and confidante; and David looks up to him like a father figure; trusting him greatly and even telling him about his telepathy, something he had not told even Sophie. It is therefore not surprising that Uncle Axels views greatly rub off on David. Uncle Axel is different from other people; his views on the tribulation and the old people have been influenced by his travels as a sailor. He believes that if the old people were so great, why would God punish them by Tribulation? Therefore, should Waknuk society even try to be like them? It is his opinion that what makes a man a man is not his physical attributes, for everyone has different ideas on the True Image(as Repentances was written after Tribulation). What makes a man a man, is his mind. It separates and elevates him from the level of a beast, thus, as David has a new quality of mind, he might actually be closer to the true image than most people. As David listens to these views, he agrees with most of them, as firstly they answer a lot of his questions, after the Sophie incident. Indirectly or directly, Uncle Axel creates a lot of self awareness in David; awareness of the dangers of being found out. He warns David many a time, and by murdering Ervin he impresses upon David the importance of keeping the secret hidden. This, too, influenced Davids thinking as it helped him separate himself from the other people, as well as recognize that societys views are really different from the truth.

Database System Development Exam

Database System Development Exam Adam Warsame Course: FDSc Computing Module Title: Database Systems Assignment Title: Database Systems Assessment Introduction The task for this assignment is to develop a database for a local garden centre. To understand the system better and what way it should operate; it was a good idea to review other examples of databases online. From these reviewed examples, was able to gather a rough understanding of what the database should withhold. Analysis The following tables were chosen for this database: Customers:- Customers table is used to hold all the vital information about a customer, such as: full name, address, email and feedback/reviews. Delivery:- Delivery table is used to withhold all the necessary information needed such as shipping date, order information, arrival date and delivery company. Plants:- Plants table is used to store all the information about plants such as popular name, type, features, description etc. Orders:- Orders table is used to hold all the information needed such as order date, delivery information, plant quantities and total price. The following tables (including attributes) were required as a minimum: Customers table; Full Name Address Email Feedback Deliveries table; Order information Shipping date Arrival date Delivery company Plant table; Garden Plant case Latin name Popular name Colour of foliage Colour of flowers Flowering period Height Spread Type of plant Full description and more Orders table; Order date Delivery information Plants quantities Plant prices The database will let staff/admins have a range of rights over the system and will be able to do things such as, edit plant list, create plant list, delete plant list, oversee customer details, monitor orders and check delivery information. Customers will also be able to do a range of things such as, register, make orders, check available plants and choose plants according to its type, attributes or position. Basic commands like edit, delete or save will allow the customer and staff members to quickly accustom to the database and discover things while doing so. As this is an SQL database, we can automatically assume that it will be constantly in development; both in expanding and editing form; which are the simplest of objectives for this type of database. A backup option is implemented to reduce and in due course; stop data loss. Simple password protection will also safeguard customers and staff from identity theft. The requirements are to create a database for a local garden centre called â€Å"Lincoln Garden Centre†. The system should provide the selling facilities, oversee and keep track of customer, plants, orders and staff. Below there is a data flow diagram which displays how the system will allow the customers/users to make orders and what type of processes are included until they have their order. Once the user has registered in the database, they will have the opportunity to scroll through the list of plants and/or select the exact features in which they are interested in most. When they finally decide about their order, they will be able to place an order which in turn will then be seen by a staff member who can store the customer’s order and shipping details and allocate them in the order table. Customers will be able track their orders and identify the estimate dispatch/delivery dates. When the orders are released, the staff can update the plants list if necessary. The whole system is built for this and will easily be able to trace orders, most popular plants, inventory and all related operations. Entity-Relational Model Normalisation 1NF 1NF is the most basic of all the normalisation processes but 1NF can only work if all tables have different entity types. Meaning, no relationships between 2 or more can be developed; otherwise it would break the rules for 1NF. The other rule is that all tables need a primary key, or else that would also go against the rules. 2NF One of the rules within 2NF process is that, only 1 row can have the same details stored. For example, when searching for a postcode, it would also show the town, county etc. To get around this then postcode will need to be created in its own table (postcode being the primary key also a foreign key in other tables) thus completing the need for relations in 2NF. 3NF Values that have the potential to be changed, in a 3NF database, need to be within a table, as a single order may alter the stock levels by creating an order. If not removed, the normalisation rules cannot be met. Within a 3NF system there shouldn’t be any rows/columns that have the exact same information; this is because it should go into a new table. SQL statements for implementation and manipulating database 1) Database: `199209-garden` 2) CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Customers` ( `Customer_ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `Full Name` varchar(25) NOT NULL, `Address` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Email` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `Feedback ` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`Customer_ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=13 ; data for table `Customers` 3) INSERT INTO `Customers` (`Customer_ID`, `Full Name`, `Address`, `Email`, `Feedback/Reviews`) VALUES (1, Jo Millan, 7 Windsor Road, CHESEFIELD, FH1 9LA, [emailprotected], NULL), (2, Harry Hugo, 4 Colywn Bay Road, WANEKE, BA91 8FS , [emailprotected], NULL), (3, Alice Payton, 2 Moor Way, PRESTATYN, NF44 1GB, [emailprotected], NULL), (4, Paul Hudson, 19 Johnno Rd, POSSING, PV33 0FLL, [emailprotected], NULL), (5, Tessa Godknock, 79 Butler Lane, HAHISON, DC10 5LF, [emailprotected], NULL), (6, Abdi Armed, 41 Wool Rd, GONZAGAE, BF35 64S, [emailprotected], Nice website!), (7, Masteran Katrina, 3 Bopping Rd, BEALUMONT, FP3 8TE, [emailprotected], NULL), (8, Ryan Starr, 99 Trevor Lane, LOUIS, ZX25 4GL, [emailprotected], NULL), (9, Ben Augustine, 61 Llaneli Street, BALLYMENA, OA38 8FB, [emailprotected], NULL); ); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Delivery` ( `Delivery_ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `Shipping Date` datetime NOT NULL, `Delivery Information` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Arrival Date` datetime NOT NULL, `Delivery Company` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`Delivery_ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=5 ; data for table `Delivery` INSERT INTO `Delivery` (`Delivery_ID`, `Shipping Date`, `Delivery Information`, `Arrival Date`, `Delivery Company`) VALUES (1, 2011-04-16 15:00:00, Order_ID 1, 2011-04-22 12:00:00, Royal mail. 1st class), (2, 2012-10-21 14:00:00, Order Number 2, 2012-11-07 14:00:00, Ups), (3, 2012-01-11 11:00:00, Order Number 2, 2012-01-22 13:00:00, Royal mail. 2nd class), (4, 2013-11-09 13:00:00, Order Number 3, 2013-11-30 12:00:00, Ups); ); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Orders` ( `Order_ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `Order date` datetime NOT NULL, `Order information` text NOT NULL, `Plant quantities` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Price` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`Order_ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=5 ; data for table `Orders` INSERT INTO `Orders` (`Order_ID`, `Order date`, `Order information`, `Plant quantities`, `Price`) VALUES (1, 2013-01-10 00:00:00, Rosa Falstaff, Balkan cranesbill., 1, 21.98), (2, 2012-12-28 13:00:00, Abyssinian gladiolus,Ginger lily,Striped bloody cranesbill, 1, 31.89), (3, 2013-01-07 00:00:00, Skyscraper lily, 2, 7.98), (4, 2013-01-07 18:00:00, Striped bloody cranesbill, 10, 79.90); Table structure for table `Plants` CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Plants` ( `Plant_ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `Name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Latin Name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Type` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Colour` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Features` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Flowering Season` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Scented/Unscented` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Groundcover` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Sun Level` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Soil Type` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Orientation` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Special conditions` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Position` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Description` varchar(5000) NOT NULL, `Price` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`Plant_ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 COMMENT=Plants Table AUTO_INCREMENT=11 ; data for table `Plants` INSERT INTO `Plants` (`Plant_ID`, `Name`, `Latin Name`, `Type`, `Colour`, `Features`, `Flowering Season`, `Scented/Unscented`, `Groundcover`, `Sun Level`, `Soil Type`, `Orientation`, `Special conditions`, `Position`, `Description`, `Price`) VALUES (1, Rosa Falstaff, Ausverse, Rose, Purple, Excellent cut-flowers, Summer, Scented, No, Full sun, Fertile, humus-rich, moist, well-drained soil, North, No special conditions, Front of border, One of the best crimson/purple roses bred to date. The large, cupped, double flowers have a powerful old rose fragrance. The rich, dark crimson flowers eventually turn to a lovely rich purple colour., 13.99), (2, Narcissus , Canaliculatus, Bulbs, White petals with a yellow cup, Low maintenance, Spring, Scented, Yes, Full sun or partial shade, Well-drained soil, South, No special conditions, Next to an entrance, windowboxes, front of border, in a pot, Plant this at the front of your border, in a pot or in your windowboxes where you can enjoy the small, scented flowers up close. This variety produces several flowers on each stem so they are really colourful. The flowers have white petals with a small yellow cup and they look best in bold clumps., 3.49), (3, Balkan cranesbill, Geranium macrorrhizum, Perennials, Pink, Non poisonous, May to September, Aromatic foliage, Yes, Full sun or partial shade, Fertile, well-drained soil, West, Dry shade, Front of border, Clusters of small, saucer shaped, purplish pink flowers are held on slender stems above strong aromatic, light green leaves from May to September. This is one of the most versatile and useful geraniums, as it will thrive even in dry shade. The deeply cut, semi-evergreen foliage also spreads quickly to form low hummocks that suppress weeds for most of the year. It looks lovely with strongly shaped perennials, such as bergenia, or polemonium, or planted en masse under trees, and is also valuable for hiding the foliage of spring bulbs as they die down. The leaves often turn red in the autumn too., 7.99), (4, Sulphurea, Oenothera stricta, Evening primrose, Creamy yellow, Non poisonous, May to September, Evening, No, Sun, Acid, South, Coastal, Middle of border, Reliably flowering for many months, this showy evening primrose may be short-lived, but it usually self-seeds very freely. It produces large, pale yellow, almost cream flowers that will open in the evening and fill the air with their incredible, heady scent. It is very tolerant of poor soils and is generally very easy to grow., 1.59), (5, Clematis, Clematis cirrhosa var. purpurascens, Climbers, Cream, Winter colour, All year round, Scented, No, Sun, Light sandy, West, No special conditions, Walls and fences, Scented, bell-like, cream winter flowers heavily speckled inside with reddish-brown freckles and glossy, dark-green leaves. This evergreen clematis is ideal for training over a sunny pergola or arch. This is the best way to appreciate the distinctive freckle-like markings, which are less visible when the plant is grown against a wall., 14.69), (6, Skyscraper lily, Lilium Bonbini, Bulbs, Cream, Non poisonous, July, Scented, No, Full sun with light dappled shade at its base, Fertile, reliably moist soil, South, No special conditions, Middle of border, full sun with light dappled shade at its base, 3.99), (7, Ginger lily, Hedychium densiflorum, Bulbs, Orange-red, Architectural foliage, July and August, Scented, No, Full sun or partial shade, Rich, moist soil, South, No special conditions, Middle of border, Forming a slowly spreading clump of lustrous foliage, this compact ginger lily is one of the hardier forms. The slender spikes of fragrant, orange-red flowers appear early in the season and tend to open in one impressive flush., 5.99), (8, Abyssinian gladiolus, Gladiolus murielae, Bulbs, White, Non poisonous, Augsut to October, Scented, No, Full sun, Moist, well-drained soil, South, No special conditions, Middle of border, Delightlful spikes of nodding, funnel-shaped, highly fragrant white flowers, with a prominent burgundy blotch at the base of each petal, seem to dance on the breeze at the ends of their slender stems from late summer. It is a delightfully elegant plant that is ideal for adding movement to a sunny border. Plant it in clumps throughout the beds, or pot them up and keep them on the patio next to a seating area or often-used pathway, where you will be sure to make the most of the heady scent. , 4.99), (9, Lily, Lilium Dimension, Bulbs, Deepest red, Non poisonous, July to August, Scented, No, Partial shade, Moist, acidic soil, South, No special conditions, Middle of border, Branching, near-black stems carry clusters of upward-facing, dark claret-coloured flowers from midsummer. An asiatic hybrid, the tepals that make up the trumpet-shaped flowers, become more re-curved as the flower ages., 5.99), (10, Striped bloody cranesbill, Geranium sanguineum var. striatum, Mediterranean, Light purple, Non poisonous, June to August, Unscented, No, Full sun or partial shade, Fertile, well-drained soil, West, Dry shade, In a rock garden, fertile, well-drained soil, 7.99); ); CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `Staff` ( `Staff_ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `Full Name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Address` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `Phone number` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `DOB` date NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`Staff_ID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=8 ; data for table `Staff` INSERT INTO `Staff` (`Staff_ID`, `Full Name`, `Address`, `Phone number`, `DOB`) VALUES (1, Dean Beale, 3 Crennop Road, CRENSHAW, C52 4ND, 077 8192 8493, 1973-11-19), (2, Isabell Edwards, 29 Beddie Road, PORTERS, CA1 0AS, 079 1028 9487, 1965-01-01), (3, Coutinho, 8 Hohlong Street, TREVENDALEIO, KL41 1LE, 070 5878 0006, 1966-02-17), (4, Mirak Klose, 81 Trollige Road, MAGGIE, DG7 2AH, 075 4832 1123, 1988-10-08), (5, ‘Toni Kroos’, 4 Menaos Lane, PORT TRAK, PA4 1FD, 078 5466 6665, 1956-05-31), (6, El Ahmadi’, 49 Kosovo Street, YEOVILSON, NG1 2HG, 077 5477 7908, 1985-09-13), (7, Gary Hooper, 53 Johnsonia Road, PITIFALL, PF15 3VB, 079 2122 5767, 1990-11-02); 4) DELETE FROM ‘GARDEN-CENTER’,’CUSTOMERS’ WHERE ‘Customer’,’Customer_ID’=1 UPDATE `GARDEN-CENTER`.`Customers` SET `Address` = 7 Windsor Road, CHESEFIELD, FH1 9LA WHERE `Customers`.`Customer_ID` = 1; 5) CREATE USER Staff@localhost IDENTIFIED BY GardenCenter; GRANT INSERT, DELETE, GRANT OPTION ON PLANTS TO USER STAFF 6) CREATE USER Staff2@localhost IDENTIFIED BY GardenCenter; GRANT INSERT ON Customers TO USER STAFF2 7) REVOKE INSERT ON PLANTS FROM user STAFF

Sympathy, by Paul Laurence Dunbar: A Reflection of the African America

Sympathy, by Paul Laurence Dunbar: A Reflection of the African American's Struggle for Freedom I know what the caged bird feels, alas! When the sun is bright on the upland slopes; When the wind stirs soft through the springing grass, And the river flows like a stream of glass; When the first bud sings and the first bud opes, And the faint perfume from its chalice steals-- I know what the caged bird feels! "Sympathy" was written by Paul Laurence Dunbar in 1899, right at the end of the Nineteenth Century. It is a poem about the caged bird who wants to be free and tries, tries and tries again to break out of its cage. Each time, it is unable to break free and instead only injures itself, adding to injuries left over from past escapes. Dunbar depicts the bird's desperate and unsuccessful struggle for freedom and images of nature, that beckon outside. The first paragraph touches on the situation that black people faced at the turn of the century. Black people ahd recently been freed as slaves, but there was still no racial equality. The Supreme Court had recently upheld Plessy vs. Ferguson, which allowed "separate but equal." In reality, it gave the government and business license to discriminate against black people. In the 1890's, most blacks were reduced to holding poorly paid jobs, or being servants in people's homes. They were barred from most educational and economic opportunities enjoyed by whites. Dunbar uses the analogy of the caged bird and nature outside to the situation that black people faced in the 1890's. Blacks had been emancipated in 1863, but they did not achieve equality with white people for another century. Black people did not have the same opportunities as whites... ...e caged bird sings a pretty tune, not because it is happy with its situation, or out of a desire to please its owner, but to alert other birds to its plight and also to try to keep depression from overcoming it. Its only lifeline was its singing. During slavery, black people often sung, not because they loved being slaves, but because they were singing escape codes to other slaves and to hang on mentally, emotionally, and spiritually, that they would one day be set free. Paul Laurence Dunbar wrote this poem to illustrate the station in life for so many African Americans. It is clear that African Americans were "caged" in society at the turn of the century and wanted desperately to be seen as equal to whites. However, at the time this poem was written, black people had little hope of achieving that goal. That was a hypocrisy in the "Land of the Free."

Early Marriage Essay -- marriage of children adolescents

Early marriage is the marriage of children and adolescents below the age of 18. Causes: According to UNICEF's Innocenti Research Centre, the "practice of marrying girls at a young age is most common in Sub-Saharan African and South Asia". There are specific parts of West Africa and East Africa and of South Asia where marriages before puberty are not unusual. However, the Centre also notes that marriage shortly after puberty is common among those living traditional lifestyles in the Middle East, North Africa and other parts of Asia. Marriages of female adolescents between sixteen and eighteen are common in parts of Latin America and Eastern Europe. Some are forced into this union, others are simply too young to make an informed decision. Consent is made by somebody else on the child's behalf. The child does not have the opportunity to exercise her right to choose. For this reason, early marriages are also referred to as forced marriages. In its most extreme form, forced marriages are the result of abductions. In Uganda, young girls are abducted and forced to marry senior leaders in the guerrilla movement known as the Lord's Resistance Army. The marriages are used as a reward and incentive for male soldiers. There are a number of reasons why tradition of child marriages continues. Fear of HIV infection has encouraged men in many countries to seek younger 'partners'. Early marriages is one way to ensure that young girls are 'protected'. Families in rural Albania encourage their daughters to marry early to avoid the threat of kidnapping. In conflict torn Somalia, families married their daughters to militia members in exchange for protection for the girl, as well as for themselves. Where poverty is acute, early marriage is also seen as a strategy for economic survival. In Iraq, early marriages are on the increase in response to poverty inflicted by the economic sanctions that have been imposed on the country. In situations such as this, the risk of exploitation is great. A recent study of five poor villages in Egypt, for example, found that young girls were being married off to much older men from the oil rich Middle Eastern countries via brokers. Many girls are forced to marry early suffer from prolonged domestic violence. Furthermore, early marriage is often linked to wife abandonment. This plungers young girls into extreme poverty and increase... ... cases of domestic violence were committed against wives who were under the age of 18. Improvements: Prevention of the practice comes through education of parents and children--married or not--about the dangers of early marriage. UNICEF has launched two programs to tackle the problem in South Asia and Africa, the two regions with the highest rates of child marriage in the world. In South Asia, UNICEF runs the Meena Initiative, which educates people about the danger of preferring male babies and focuses on the unfair treatment girls receive in the family as well as their lack of access to healthcare and education. The initiative also attempts to raise consciousness about harmful traditional practices such as dowry, sexual harassment and early marriage. In Africa, UNICEF has launched a radio program called the Sara Adolescent Girl Communication Initiative in ten eastern and southern African countries. The program implores its listeners to keep girls in school. It also cover topics such as HIV/AIDS, domestic responsibilities for females, Female Genital Mutilation and early marriage. For more information about UNICEF programs focused on early marriage, visit www.unicef.org

Is Jaws a Horror Movie? Essay example -- Film Review

Is Jaws a Horror Movie? First, I will intend to take you on a brief journey through the horror genre and the conventions that have been associated. Second I will show you how these conventions are used in the film Jaws. Let’s take a closer look at the history of the horror genre. To get started we are going to start with the first era or as it’s called the silent era. This era was based on monsters such as Frankenstein (1910), Dracula (1912) and The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1923). The horror was all about the make up and the clever use of lighting, to add thrills. The first conventions were that we see are the ‘revealing of the monsters’ and the use of ‘isolated houses’ where the monsters are based. This left audiences feeling panicky. These films had to rely on the music, yet they still lack the big horror genre fear factor. Through the talkies little changed, they still had the monsters, the same monsters, the same storylines, but the Atomic Phase of the 1950s soon had a impact. Sci-fi and hammer movies took centre stage, Godzilla (1954) and The Blob (1958) box office hits. From here we moved on to the witchcraft and the undead such Peeping Tom (1960) and The Night of Dead () . New films brought with them new conventions. Zombie films trapped the audience, claustrophobic attack scenes when the zombies came closer towards the camera. Horror finally became horror with the slasher movie era. They became realistic but also they became more stylised. Based on a real life tragic such as, Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1974), Halloween (1978) and Nightmare on Elm Street (1984) screens where awash with blood. This is where we see male psycho, the unwilling hero and teenage trouble. There are also soul survivors that carry the seque... ...horror so it is a bit of both but compared to the horrors that we have now with all the blood and gore special effects that make it better and the 3d its nothing like the horror’s today. Compared to the final destination 3D jaws is not even scary because of the 3D it makes it better with the way that if someone has an axe or something chucked at them it comes out of the screen at you and it comes towards you therefore you think it’s going to hit you which makes you get scared and it makes the film more jumpy so there for I don’t think jaws is a horror even if it was in its time compared to now day films I say it is a thriller. My opinion is that Spielberg is still in his twenties when he made this film, this shows his talent for creating suspense, delivering shocks and defusing situations through humour and this shows he is building up to a great climax.

Massacre of Arwal Essay

The massacre of Arwal is described by many as a post-independence Jallianwala Bagh, and justly so, in our opinion, say the two judges, while presenting a blow account of the felony committed by the State against the poor and landless in Arwal. The report on Arwal massacre was submitted by the Indian Peoples Human Right Tribunal which came into existence on January 10,1987. Two members of the Tribunal, Justic T. U. Mehta and Justice P. S. Potti inquired into the Arwal incident. The y went to the place of the incident and made on the spot inquires, they heard and recorded evidence from eyewitnesses to the incident and from the persons who had gone there immediately after the killings, including journalists, politicians, lawyers and other public spirited persons. They held sitting in Patna, Delhi and Arwal where they invited the state government and its officials to come to depose before them and to cross examine those who appeared as witnesses before them. The tribunal which began its work in January 1987, formally submitted its report on July30,1987. The report which is now available in print runs into 92 pages, and is a damning indictment of the Bihar Administration whose leaders and minios show up as a gang of criminals, liars, forgers and frauds, who have no respects for any of the decencies and norms of civilized life. In any civilized society where justice prevails and the rule of law is practiced, all of them should have been serving life-terms. But in Bihar , where these dregs of society are in control of the state, they have succeeded in criminalizing the entire state establishment and in letting loose state violence against the poor and the downtrodden with a brazenness that has few parallels in history. The firing in our opinion in our opinion amounted to brutal murder of 21 valuable citizens of this country governed by the constitution which proudly speaks of protecting the lives of the citizens of the country and aims at establishing an equitable order through equality, fraternity and brotherhood which are obviously not empty platitudes of a political theorist. It is very distressing to find that in spite of the demand of respectable citizens of this country , journalists and various public organizations not interested in politics. the Government of Bihar has remained adamant in not ordering any judicial inquiry. It appears tha5t a one man commission which was non-judicial was ordered to enquire into matter, but even the report of that commission is kept secret by the government. Such obduracy of a government with regard to such a vital question of public importance is something which can not imagined in loudy proclaiming that we are striving for an egalitarian society and working for the poor and the oppressed with a view to bring their life up he desired standards. The report should be made to reach the widest possible audience in the country and abroad. One copy may also be sent to the jury for awarding the Nobel peace Prize since the newspapers in India report that India’s Prime Minister has recommended by some faceless characters for Nobel Peace Prize. The report would provide a lot of material to write the citation on the peace of the graveyards that Rajiv Gandhi and his Government of criminals were imposing in Bihar.

Top Glove Information

Tan Sri Dr. Lim Wee-Chai (Appointed Chairman in 2000, aged 49) Chairman Founded Top Glove in 1991, totalling 26 years of experience in the latex industry. Former president of the Malaysian Rubber Glove Manufacturers' Association (MARGMA), board member of the Malaysian Rubber Board, and Director of the Association of Malaysia Medical Industries. Tan Sri Datuk (Dr. ) Arshad Bin Ayub (Appointed in 2000, aged 79) Independent Non- Executive DirectorFormer Deputy Governor of Bank Negara Malaysia, and current Chairman, President and member of various Malaysian rubber insitutions, namely the Malaysia Rubber Export Promotion Counci (MREPC)l, the Rubber Products Manufacturers Association and the Rubber Board. Puan Sri Tong Siew Bee (Appointed in 2000, aged 49) Executive Director Previously worked with United Overseas Bank and Utama Bank, with over 10 years of experience in operational systems in banking.Lim Hooi Sin (Appointed in 2003, aged 45) Executive Director Possesses more than 14 years o f sales experience with Metlife Financial Services in the US, and is the founder of one of Top Glove’s subsidiary companies, Top Glove Medicial USA. Sekarajasekaran a/l Arasaratnam (Appointed 2000, aged 79) Independent Non- Executive Director Has held various engineering positions in government public works and utilities departments over the span of 20 years, and the Board’s nvironmental engineering consutlant. Lau Boon Ann (Appointed 2000, aged 53) Non-Executive Director Involved in the real estate and property development setor, with over 10 years of marketing and consultancy experience with various property companies. Quah Chin Chye (Appointed 2001, aged 52) Independent Non- Executive Director Has held various senior management positions over his 10 years of work experience. Lee Kim Meow (Appointed 2000, aged 48)Executive Director Has more than 12 years of experience in financial services and credit control operations with OCBC Finance and Asia Commercial Finance. H e is currently a member of MARGMA, MREPC, as well the Asean Rubber Glove Manufacturers’ Association (ARGMA). Lim Cheong Guan (Joined in 2005, aged 42) Executive Director Responsible for the accounting, corporate finance and investor relations of the company, with over 10 years of accounting and auditing experience, including a stint at PricewaterhouseCoopers.

Family Systems theory Essay

Why study families? †¢Traditional psychology – problem an individual one – Externalise distress – act out – Internalise distress – withdraw Theorists – Psychoanalytic – e.g Freud – fixated at a phase due to trauma and regress to this level – Behaviourists – e.g learn inappropriate response – Attachment – insecure primary attachment †¢Sociological perspective Bronfenbrenner’s model – ecological approach a)Life cycle stresses b)Stresses related to cultural expectations c)Stresses related to historical time d)Random fate e)Stress reactions which create more stress Does research support the sociological viewpoint? YES – Distress related to lack of social support – Overcrowded housing, father in gaol, depressed mother – Parental stress & maternal negativity plus child temperament – Poverty What is family’s position in the sociological model? – most influential part of child’s social context – buffer between child and outside world – serves to protect or expose child – usually positive Do families need support? – Bronfenbrenner’s model less applicable now? – Less sense of community – Increased fragmentation How do families work? Can be seen as a system – stress -> distress – child most likely to be the distressed person as most powerless Basic premises Circulatory causation – interactive model Non-summativity – whole more than sum of parts Communication – feeling and content Governed by rules – spoken or understood Homeostasis – in some sort of balance Morphogenesis – flexibility to respond to change How do you measure family relationships? Research relies on two dimensions – Affection (aka warmth, acceptance, cohesion, closeness) Disengaged————-OK—————-Enmeshed Acceptance – Control (aka power, autonomy, flexibility) Neglect——————-OK—————–Rigid Autonomy What happens when families get stressed? Timberlawn studies (Walsh 1993) Optimal families †¢Strong, warm relationships especially marital one †¢See causes and effects as circulatory †¢See events as multi-causative. †¢Actively involved in world outside family †¢Negotiate effectively †¢Feelings and thoughts expressed and accepted †¢Little blame or personal attack †¢See human nature as benign – do best in a situation †¢Flexible – adjust to new situations ADEQUATE FAMILIES Seek control rather than intimacy †¢Centripetal Rule bound Enmeshed Power battles Scapegoating Severe – eg sects †¢Centrifugal More comfortable with negative feelings Blame and attack Children expected to be independent early Material wealth takes preference over relationships Extreme – chaotic, intimidating, very unstable How can early childhood educators help? Recognise difficulties Emotionally supporting Referring on Information Helping with children if in crisis

Memories of Childhood Essay

Childhood is a golden period of man’s life. It is the time when man is dependent but he enjoys all the comforts of the life. He has nothing to worry about. He has to do nothing to get his demand fulfill except weeping. It is a carefree time. In my childhood I was free from worries and sorrows. When every day and night brought joys for me. Parents tried to amuse me. They loved me so much that I began to think they were living only for me and it was not wrong as well. Near our house there was a pond. Father took me daily to the pond to enjoy the beautiful sight of the setting sun. Once my father fell ill and could not go to the pond. I was very fond of taking bath in the bright water of the pond but father did not allow me to fulfill my desire. Now it was a golden chance. I went alone to the pond and jumped into the water. Deep water took me into its lap. After this what happened I do no know. When I opened my eyes a doctor was bending over me. Mother and sisters were weeping. I had to remain for one month in the hospital. Now when I recall that horrible accident my heart begins to sink with fear. Then I decided not to do anything without the permission of parents. There is one more thing which I cannot help mentioning More over I can never forget the day when I was beaten by the gardener for stealing mangoes. My friend Maria and I went to the garden to eat mangoes. Maria was very active and clever. She remained out of the garden and asked me to climb up the mango tree. Consequently I was caught by the gardener and he bead me with his sharp stick. Maria ran away The gardener took me before my father and told the whole story. Father prohibited me from going to the garden. I was much ashamed but soon all it was over. If you have female companion you are fond of dolls as well. The same case was with me. I was very fond of dolls in my childhood. Maria and I played with the dolls for hours, marrying and decorating them. Mother did not like her daughter wasting time in playing. As a result she took me to the school. I was much frightened and puzzled among the strange girls. I began to weep bitterly. While I was weeping I felt a soft hand on my back it was my teacher. She consoled me and gave me a beautiful book of colorful pictures. I was taught by her to smile in the storm of tears and sufferings. Now she is far away from me but her memory is fresh in my mind and I will never forget her as well. Children usually keep on gamboling and playing . Sometimes they keep on running in childhood I was like a playful deer wandering through the meadows. Maria and wandered the whole day long in the green fields of our villages picking wild flowers and making garlands. How beautiful moonlit nights were in childhood! When the shining moon appeared we all played in the open fields catching one another. Now childhood is no more but it appears a beautiful dream.

Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Social Essay

Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example It is clearly shown in this report that foreign direct investment complicates the CSR practices of multinational corporations and other businesses operating internationally. This shows that there is a strong relationship between CSR and FDI. The relationship is influenced by several factors. First, stakeholder legitimacy problems cause international businesses to adapt to local CSR practices because stakeholders in host countries exert pressure on them to behave according to their interests in order to be considered legitimate. Secondly, international human resource management policies in host countries may complicate CSR practices of the foreign country due to the difference between HRM practices of the host and home country. An expatriate problem also results in complex CSR practices because expatriates may experience new cultures and behaviors in the host country that may change their CSR practices. Institutional distance is also considered as another factor affecting the relation ship between CSR and FDI. A high institutional distance between hoe and host country usually leads the multinational corporation to adapt to the local CSR practices. Recent research indicates that a company operating in host countries with a different institutional environment and demanding stakeholders are likely to adopt local practices in order to legitimize their foreign direct investment in host countries. This can be explained using the institutional theory and stakeholder theory which explain internal and external motivations for legitimacy in multinational corporations. Foreign Direct Investment is the acquisition of assets by an international company in another country. Foreign Direct Investors face the challenge of integrating home country CSR practices and the demands of stakeholders in the host country. Understanding these legitimacy pressures for foreign direct investment requires a link between corporate social responsibility and foreign direct investment.

I will post all of information in word Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

I will post all of information in word - Essay Example For instance, when systems from Wells Fargo require information from those at Wachovia, they have to form new links between the business end and control end of the two information systems. After these links are formed, the integration process moves to the maturity stage where new links are formed between the same ends of the two information systems. Increased expansion as expected with the merger leads to formation of cross-links between the units present in both organizations (Frankel 76). With the merger between the two organizations in this case, integration of IS was necessitated in order to manage the chaos that would follow with communication hitches and revenue loss from redundant links. When Wells Fargo merged with Wachovia, they came across various challenges and difficulties in the integration of their information systems. One of these difficulties had to do with the making it financially viable to integrate the two systems. For example, Wells Fargo and Wachovia needed the capability to take advantage of those opportunities that would result from IS integration within the merged organization (Frankel 78). In addition the two organizations may have lacked the ability to deal with the issues that come from the integration of the information systems. For instance, the satisfaction of the new organization’s end users with the integrated IS and the entire process of systems integration could be a hurdle. Lack of proper communication about the integration process’ capabilities and its importance to the success of the merger may precipitate resistance from the workers of the organization that adopts the other’s system. Eventually, this could cause depressed effectiveness and efficiency in leveraging the resources at hand during the period of integration (Frankel 78). Wells Fargo and Wachovia may also have found it challenging to improve the capabilities of their previous information systems after the merger. Because the goal of the merge r was to improve the entire new organization’s processes, the IS integration would also have to improve its capabilities (Frankel 79). Difficulties that could affect the new organization include the enhancement of their competitive advantage, as well as the enhancement of their business strategies. Organizational planning and IS integration could also prove to be a challenge because it is important for the new organization to achieve its financial targets. Information system integration across departments within the new organization in order to increase their access to data and information may also be difficult since they have ingrained models of system operations. The ability of the merged company to keep staff who are competent in the new system, as well as recruit new ones, will also be challenging. The identification of the best fit technology and its assimilation will also be difficult (Frankel 79). However, there are also benefits to the merger of information systems be tween the two organizations. First, because the two are organizations of similar size, the IS integration will be much easier compared to if they had different capabilities (Frankel 81). However, because of their disparate images, protocols, websites, systems, and hardware, it was essential to integrate their systems. One reason that this is important is so that they can attain the benefits they expect from the merger. For this to happen, the standardizing systems, technology architecture, and application systems have to be rationalized. Insufficient data and

Economics of Industry - Market structure in the aircraft manufacturing Research Paper

Economics of Industry - Market structure in the aircraft manufacturing industry - Research Paper Example (Boeing, 2011) Boeing, then expanded by acquiring Vertol Aircraft Corporation in 1960. (The Boeing Company, 2011) In 1996, Boeing took over  Rockwell’s aerospace and defense units. Then in August 1997, Boeing merged with  McDonnell Douglas. This merger allowed Boeing's leadership to increase as it joined with the line of Douglas airplanes. (The Boeing Company, 2011) The tax breaks given to Boeing by the US government have also helped in the expansion of the firm. It is believed that subsidies for the defense wing of Boeing have also helped with the commercial side of aircraft manufacturing. (Irwin & Pavcnik, 2003) In 2002, Boeing’s market share was 54%, however it is now struggling to maintain it. (Taylor & tillman, 2002) Airbus Airbus  is a  subsidiary of  EADS, European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company. (Airbus, 2011) It was a government initiative by France, Germany and UK in 1967. It started off as a  consortium  of aerospace manufacturers,  Airb us Industry. The combination of the European defense and aerospace companies in 2000 led to a company  being established in 2001. BAE Systems and EADS transferred their assets to Airbus  SAS, for ownership in that company. EADS  owned 80% and  BAE Systems  20%. (BBC News, 2000) In October 2006, BAE sold its ownership to EADS. Airbus Industry was officially recognized in December 1970. It is believed that Airbus has only been successful due to protection used by the European countries and a large launch aid. WTO reached a decision in August 2010 and May 2011 that Airbus had indeed received unacceptable government subsidies from several European countries which resulted in lower sales of Boeing aircrafts. (New York Times, 2011) Airbus’ market share has been steadily increasing sine its share of 46% in 2002. (Taylor & tillman, 2002) Product Development Boeing Boeing has approximately 12,000 commercial aircrafts in use globally, which constitutes around 75 percent of th e world fleet. Through Boeing Training & Flight Services, it trains maintenance and flight staff in the 100-seat-and-above airliner market. Boeing has over 159000 employees, working in 71 countries (The telegraph, 2011). Through this diverse workforce and extensive training, the company’s product development ability has increased. In aircraft manufacturing, focus has always been on developing low cost, high quality aircrafts. Hence, approximately half of the current commercial aircrafts will be replaced in the next 20 years due to technological obsolescence and inefficiencies. This will increase the demand for new ones. Approximately 1,362 commercial aircraft orders were placed in 2010, greater than twice the amount placed in 2009. (Bombardier Commercial Aircraft, 2011) Emphasis is also on fuel efficient and environmentally friendly productions. Boeing, together with Air New Zealand has undertaken research on sustainable alternatives to conventional fuel. (Boeing, 2011) Exten sive and expensive research allows better versions of existing aircrafts to be developed and new aircrafts to be launched in this oligopolistic market. Boeing has also resorted to outsourcing its production to Japanese suppliers including  Mitsubishi Heavy Industries  and  Kawasaki Heavy Industries. The use of advanced technology has allowed Boeing to enhance its production capabilities. (Reuters, 2011) Airbus An internal air transportation system is used to airlift

Five key objectives for Eastman Kodak Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Five key objectives for Eastman Kodak - Essay Example According to the paper  Kodak was considered as the most profitable corporation in America, which gave its shareholders a return of 18% for many years. The company has continuously invested in developing its competitive advantage in photography business. It is observed that 40% of the revenue of company came from outside United States (US). Though the company had encountered huge profit but the situation was not the same over the past few years as it encountered external pressure in form of competition.This essay discusses that  the new objective changed the imaging group of Kodak which included motion pictures, consumer products and audiovisual products, consumer electronics and photo finishing. The new objective filled the gap in the product line by introducing several new products, which are either prepared by Kodak or any Japanese manufacturers or sold it under the name of Kodak. In order to manage the market share of the company, Kodak took major steps to solidify the market of film processing. It has strategized to stem the flow of low cost foreign photography papers for acquiring control over processing market. The company has also acquired many companies in order to make its base strong in electronic photography sector. This acquisition increased the number of customers for chemical paper products. The declining profit of the company was forced to maintain tits level by massive cost – cutting, which improved efficiency of the products related to photography.

Journal response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Journal response - Essay Example Unstable governments induce poverty. Socialism focuses on a centrally planned economy. Lack of freedom in the society agitates poverty and insecurity. Rigid and unproductive government sprouts from dictatorship and lack of socialism, economic underdevelopment, devastation of war and reject from other countries affect the application of socialism. Socialism depends on the people’s contribution and inputs. Lenin focuses on the mass participation in the social economic and political roll of their government. From my understanding, cold war accounted for economic socialism and political authentication. Socio- economic policies influence freedom and dictatorship of any regime. British and the Anglo-French had capitalistic rivalry because of their difference in ideologies that brought about rivalry. Introduction of socio- economic policies and unity helped end tension between the two (Luxemburg 1961). In conclusion, socialism secures freedom. In-cooperation of socialism links to the end of poor government regimes and cold war. Public opinion and democracy mobilize freedom and socialism, mass involvement and decision making in socio-political matters benefits the economic

Explain the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763. Was the Proclamation Term Paper

Explain the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763. Was the Proclamation Effective Why or why not. How did colonials, native, and the British react to both the Proclamation and its effects - Term Paper Example These regions included the New England colonies, Southern colonies and Middle colonies. The New England included Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut. Southern colonies included Virginia, Maryland, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia. The middle colonies include New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania (Fishkin, 2009). The southern colonies relied on tobacco, rice, indigo, and cotton. Due to the increased demand of labor, they resulted to slavery as a cheap source of labor. The southern colonies exercised royalty to their king, and vested all authority on him. In addition, they practiced proprietary. The southern colonies social welfare consisted of two classes. A free class of people existed along side the increasing number of slaves. According to Fishkin (2009), the southern colonies adopted the English culture and the Anglican religion and exhibited stringent adherence. The New England had the privilege of exercising political independence from the British colonial government. However, there was a level of control through central government and local governments. Concerning economics, these colonies relied on small-scale plantations under family ownership. These colonies had a social life that stood out among the rest because they build a social welfare that consisted of strongly united communities. These colonies adhered to the Calvinist religions. In the middle colonies, diversity in settlement was evident until the English created charters of their colonies. Pennsylvania rose to enjoy a democratic form of leadership granting the people voting rights. Economically, these colonies relied on artisans, small-scale farmers, and merchants. The m idle colonies had the most diverse social structure, with each colony adopting a different language and culture from the settlers. In addition, they adhered to different religious views (In Grigg, 2008). As described, colonies in the new world differed

The Yellow Wallpaper as a psychological story Essay

The Yellow Wallpaper as a psychological story - Essay Example ly regarded as a classic of feminist-inspired fiction in America and the author makes a clear distinction between the psychological and the sociological elements in the story. â€Å"â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is of course brutally honest psychology, so brutal that many readers in that more innocent age were outraged that anyone would write of such terrifying experiences. They feared that the story itself would drive people crazy. The literary success of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was indeed due to the coercive effect of the wallpaper, which so disturbs the young woman’s deep, but least stable, feelings that she is drawn into its lurid, obnoxious patterns.† (Lemert, 13) Therefore, in a reflective analysis of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, it becomes lucid that the short story is one of the best examples of a psychological story. The psychological elements in the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman are mostly evident in the protagonist and the narrator of the story who is taken to a remote house as part of her ‘rest cure’. The author creates an effective setting for her psychological story when she places the narrator in an expansive â€Å"colonial mansion, a hereditary estate† which is â€Å"quite alone, standing well back from the road, quite three miles from the village. It makes [her] think of the English places that you read about, for there are hedges and walls and gates lock and lots of separate little houses for the gardeners and people.† (Gilman, 3-4) Through the setting of this lonely house for the recovery of the narrator from her nervous condition, the author effectively creates the background for her psychological story, and the empty, deserted or economically rented house is a standard motif in various ghost stories as well as other ta les of the supernatural. Gilman’s narrator expresses mistrust for her surroundings which increases the character’s loneliness and vulnerability in the face of the

Jose de San Martin Essay Example for Free

Jose de San Martin Essay In Argentina war of independence was fought from 1810 to 1818 by Argentine forces under Jose de San Martin against royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown. On July 9, 1816, an assembly met in San Miguel de Tucuman, declared full independence with provisions for a national constitution. Chile This war of independence was an armed conflict between the people of Chile and Spanish colonial authorities, which started on September 10, 1810 and extended until 1821. A declaration of independence was officially issued by Chile on February 12,1818 and formally recognized by Spain in 1840, when full diplomatic relations ( conducting negotiations between representatives of groups or states) were established. Peru The Napoleonic invasion of the Iberian Peninsula should have led to a degradation of royal power, but since nearby Upper Peru was under the attack of armies from Buenos Aires, the Peruvian oligarchs supported the royalist cause. Fear of indigenous rebellion also remained from the 1780-1781 revolt that was headed by Jose Gabriel Tupac Amaru Condorcanqui. Finally, the viceroys of Peru traditionally had the support of the Lima oligarchs because of their opposition to the commercial interests of Buenos Aires and Chile. Therefore, the Viceroyalty of Peru became the last redoubt of the Spanish Monarchy in South America. Nevertheless, a Creole rebellion arose in 1812 in Huanuco and another in Cusco between 1814 and 1816. Both were suppressed. These rebellions were supported by the armies of Buenos Aires. Peru finally succumbed after the decisive continental campaigns of Jose de San Martin (1820–1823) and Simon Bolivar (1824). While San Martin was in charge of the land campaign, a newly built Chilean Navy led by Lord Cochrane transported the fighting troops and launched a sea campaign against the Spanish fleet in the Pacific. San Martin, who had displaced the royalists of Chile after the Battle of Maipu, and who had disembarked in Paracas in 1820, proclaimed the independence of Peru in Lima on July 28, 1821. Four years later, the Spanish Monarchy was defeated definitively at the Battle of Ayacucho. After independence, the conflicts of interests that faced different sectors of Creole Peruvian society and the particular ambitions of the caudillos, made the organization of the country excessively difficult. Only three civilians—Manuel Pardo, Nicolas de Pierola and Francisco Garcia Calderon—acceded to the presidency in the first seventy-five years of Perus independence. The Republic of Bolivia was created from Upper Peru. In 1837 a Peru-Bolivian Confederation was also created but was dissolved two years later due to Chilean military intervention

Renewable Energy Essay Example for Free

Renewable Energy Essay Climate change is one of significant issues that have been considered in recent years. According to Anderson (2009), most climate researchers recognise it is essential to reduce 80 percent of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 to prohibit effects of climate change. Furthermore, carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the most important causes to produce GHG which is combusted from heating, transportation and electricity generated by fossil fuels. However, one of the solutions for reducing CO2 emissions is using renewable energy to replace fossil fuel. In addition, renewable energy is generated by natural resources such as sunlight, wind and biomass which produce less or no pollution when generate energy. Furthermore, renewable energy will be demanded for approximately half of the worldwide electricity supplies to reduce CO2 emissions by 2050, which it is estimated by The International Energy Agency (Cited in Shi 2010). This essay will focus on two forms of renewable energies which are solar power and biofuels. Firstly, solar energy has been widely used to generate heat and electricity recently. Moreover, it will show the benefits and also point out some drawbacks of solar energy. After that, the discussion will describe the second form of widespread renewable energy in the transport sector which is biofuels. Finally, it will reveal advantages and a disadvantage of this energy. This essay argues that renewable energies, which are solar power and biofuels have been extensively utilised in recent years. Furthermore, they have more advantages than disadvantages. Solar Energy The sun is the largest source of energy, which is transformed to solar power for generating heat and electricity and has been widely used in recent years. According to European Union (2011), there are several applications to use solar energy for heating such as hot water at home, heating in factory and building and swimming pool. In addition, a cooling system also uses solar energy as heat absorption system to generate air conditioning and cooling system in refrigerator. Moreover, this kind of energy can be transformed to generate electricity by two ways. First of all, Prasad Bansal (2011) state that electricity is converted directly from light by Photovoltaic (PV) via semiconducting materials, whose basic composition is solar cells. Furthermore, Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is another way to generate electricity, in which parabolic solar tower focuses the light to be used for a single point heating, and then produces steam to impel a turbine (European Union 2011). However, PV and CSP can collect electricity in the different ways. PV plants store the energy by connects to batteries, or sent to the electricity grid. On the other hand, CSP system can store heat by itself. Therefore, this power can be generated during the absence of sunlight during the day and night time (European Union 2011). Although there are many reasons for using solar energy, there are some reasons against the use of this kind of energy such as limited condition and the high cost. Firstly, the most significant problem of solar power supply is this energy is not available during the absence of sunlight (especially at night). Furthermore, in winter that often has cloud cover, there are only a low amount of solar power is available (Lakatos, Hevessy Kovacs 2011). However, this issue can be overcome with the use of CHP as it can store the power by itself. Therefore, it can be used during the absence of sunlight. In addition, thin film photovoltaic (PV) power is another solution of the places that have cloud cover. According to Blakeslee (2012), there are three layers in thin film PV for covering a wider spectrum of light. Thus, the light is scattered in all directions by clouds more than usually block it. Secondly, another disadvantage of solar is the high cost is considered as another obstacle of solar energy. As he states that, â€Å"A recent NYU study found the following actual 2005 costs in cents/kWh: Geothermal 3.1-4.3 Biofuels Energy Another widespread renewable energy is biofuel which has been developed to use instead of fossil fuels in the transport sector. There are two principle forms of ‘biofuels’ which are biodiesel and bioethanol. First of all, most of biodiesel is created from oil which is produced by oleaginous plants such as sunflower, rapeseed and palm by reacting with methanol (European Union 2011). Moreover, the viscosity of these oils decreases when they are heated. In addition, Adelekan (2012) points out that these oils can be transformed directly to a diesel engine when they burn, or they can be generated to produce fuels as biodiesel by chemical process. Another form of biofuel is bioethanol or ethyl alcohol which is burned easily to produce a flame, which is generated by distilling products from the sugars and maize when they are fermented such as sugar beet, cereals, sugar cane or biomass (Ortiz et al. 2011). In many countries, there are an increasing number to use bioethanol as ga sohol or oxygenate in gasoline. In addition, bioethanol is elementary to process and manufacture (Adelekan 2012). As well as solar power, using biofuel also brings some disadvantages such as an impact on demand for food. According to Habibah (cited in Adelekan 2012), A huge demand for crops, sugar and oleaginous plants might be impacted from the demand for biofuels which will be result for an increasing cost of food price, increasing level of poverty and food insecurity problem. In addition, biofuels are enemy for agricultural land that would have been used for growing food crops despite being used for growing energy crops now (Adelekan 2012). Therefore, the number of lands for agriculture would be decreased that would have an effect on shortage of food. However, if the government launches the policy of regulation to use agriculture land for growing energy crops, this issue would be overcome. Conclusion In conclusion, there are several significant benefits in the use of renewable energies which are solar power and biofuels to be utilised for replacing fossil fuels. As can be seen in the discussion above, solar energy can be transformed to generate heat and electricity with Photovoltaic and Concentrating Solar Power. In addition, biofuels, another renewable energy can be used in transport sector to replace fossil fuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol. However, although there are some disadvantages of both kinds of energy, their effectiveness is greater. In addition, these obstacles could be overcome in the near future. Therefore, the use of these renewable energies could be the essential alternative way to reduce CO2 emissions for the solution of climate change.

Film Review King Arthur

Film Review King Arthur Film Review King Arthur The film I will be reviewing is called King Arthur. King Arthur is from the action epic genre and is a brilliant well put together film which will help many audiences in many ways and would be bound to sell. I will also include a historical context showing how King Arthur was related to the Roman invasion of Britain and how it also affected the characters involved. The maker of the film is Jerry Bruckheimer. The actors that star in the film are Clive Owen as king Arthur, Keira Knightley as Guinevere, Ray Winstone as Bors, Ioan Gruffudd as Lancelot Stellan Skarsgà ¥rd, Stephen Dillane. Clive Owen has a reputation for providing top class films. Back in 1990, he performed as the wisecracking, sharp-suited wheeler-dealer Stephen Crane in the hit show Chancer; he was described as â€Å"the hottest thing on TV†. Keira Knightley also has a reputation for providing top films such as her earliest Bend It like Beckham to in 2003 Pirates of the Caribbean. After performing in those still only 18 she also preformed in Love Actually and then continued Pirates of the Caribbean. From this we can see that all the actors and actresses are excellent and great performers so therefore my expectations only followed by their reputation. The film is all about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. It came out in 2004 and lasts for 140 minutes. There is a lot of history of this film as King Arthur is a legend. Similar to Robin Hood King Arthur has many different versions such as an older version and this newer version. In my opinion the film is a great one attracting a wide audience of historians, people with an interest in King Arthur and action packed viewers. King Arthur is believed by some as a myth but most believe he was a real king and that he really did make England proud. This film is set around 409 A.D. This time was when the Roman Empire controlled most of Britain. King Arthur, who is partly Roman and an ally to Rome, was mainly British and loved his country that every battle in this film he would fight would be for him and his knights of the round tables freedom. As an agreement all these British villages had to send their children and some adults to fight for Rome. Similar to subscription and they had to serve a certain amount of time where they would earn their freedom. Later on after a few years in around 410 A.D the Roman invasion had ended because Rome had redrawn from Britain due to other opposing enemies and also due to the attack of the Saxons and Scots. The film begins with a well worded description of the legend of King Arthur which reads â€Å"Historians agree that the classical 15th Century King Arthur and his knight’s rose from a similar individual who lived in a period often called the Dark Ages†. The picture comes awake with a Roman army on horseback often called the â€Å"Praetorian† an elite roman horseback army. The beginning of the film is very important because it sets the scene to what the whole film is about which in this case is about the Roman Britain Empire and its connection with King Arthur. We see at the start a map which shows how far the Roman Empire extended which was from Saudi Arabia to Britain and this is a key point in understanding why Rome called for King Arthur and his knights to carry out so many missions. The reason being that Rome was not satisfied with their land they kept on wanting more and more so leaders like King Arthur were sent on missions to keep the Empire strong. This s hows the outline of the film and the reason as to what the film is about. One key point that we notice in the film is that Lancelot who is one of Arthur’s knights is the narrator and speaks in 1st person â€Å"I was such a son† he said when at the start the roman army came to recruit him on the grounds similar to conscription. So he was off to fight for Rome. Then the scene changes and we see King Arthur as a young boy who is presented as a bright future leader both wealthy and important as we can tell by his freedom of movement. Arthur sees the young knights including Lancelot on horseback and asks who they are and he is told they may someday be his knights little does he know that one day they will. This is a use of dramatic irony as we know it is to happen by the role of Lancelot as one of his knights but the character himself is unaware. After this scene there is a gap which says â€Å"15 years later† then they are all shown as grown men and we notice that there conscription was supposed to be for 15 years therefore the director lives the audience to find this out for themselves. Then we see the characters for the first time as men and their first mission is to protect the bishop from the forest Woads who Merlin (an old friend of Arthur’s) leads. The Woads attack some Roman troops so Arthur and his knights pace to the scene and upon arrival witness the deaths of these Roman soldiers. The Knights take up their swords and fight off the Woads for now as Merlin looks on from the forest. After the attack the Bishop appears dead with an arrow straight through his head however Arthur spots it is not the bishop but a fake. The real Bishop appears and they talk about the great Samaritan Knights that Arthur leads. After they arrive at the castle where all the knights expect their freedom from the subscription that they are bound to. However the Bishop revels that the pope has one more mission for them and all of the knights including King Arthur disapprove after 15 long years of fighting however the mission is to rescue the pope’s favourite godchild and pupil so therefore on their last day of subscription they must go on this mission. As to be expected all the Knights don’t want to go but after a talk from King Arthur unwillingly for Arthur they approve. So after the disapproval of the mission the scene changes and we see who the knights will come up against. Saxons from the north. They were very strong at the time and the opposition to the Romans. When Rome left in 410 A.D it was the Saxons that took over England. We then see the Saxons killing innocent women. This demonstrates the brutality of the Saxons. Then the Knights get on their horseback and ride off towards their mission. They cut through the forest where they are being tracked by Merlin’s knights. Aware of the movement of the Saxons Merlin traps Arthur and the Knights in the forest and they agree to fight the Saxons together. After reaching their mission point they find Alecto the godchild of the pope. Arthur finds a secret door blocked up and his Knight uses his axe to break it down. Inside they find injured Woad. The Woad is called Guinevere who by legend is the eventually the wife of King Arthur therefore this is an important step because this is the entrance of a main character played by Keira Knightley. After a disagreement with the townsman leader the father of Alecto the knights take off away from the Saxons. The Saxons continue to get closer and closer. Then they reach the ice and they finally intercept with the Saxons. Ready and prepared to fight the main scene unfolds. The odds start at 7 Samaritan knights against 200 Saxons. The fight starts with the 7 using their long bows to cut off the wings of the 200 it forces them to stay together putting more weight on the ice eventually the ice begins to break however their out of range and the ice hasn’t broken. Dagenot one of the knights runs forward with his axe and breaks the ice covered by the other 6 with their longbows. Unfortunately he is shot with arrows 3 times and dies however their mission is a success in one way but a loss in another. The next scene begins back at the castle where they are greeted by the Bishop who is happy to see Alecto. They are given their freedom but Bors and all the others are unhappy due to the loss of Daganot. They buried Daganot and looked on in a sad manner. Then we see the final scene which is where the Saxons have risen to Hadrian’s Wall and are ready to attack the Emperor and the knights. However the Romans are leaving and the knights are free but King Arthur says he must stay and fight. None of the knights stay but when they see the bravery of Arthur on his own they race to back up. Then the first Saxon army attack behind the castle gates therefore the Saxon leader can’t see who is winning and only a few of his army come out and they believe there was only six knights however the Woads have joined and they all worked together and Arthur was there leader. The final Saxon army attacked and lost to King Arthur in a great battle and casualties were lost such as Bors and Lancelot which who were two of Arthur’s Samaritan knights. Also the narrator was Lancelot so we notice it is told by a character that later dies this is a technique to have a greater influence of understanding the times of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. The battle ends and Arthur wins and they bury the dead and Lancelot’s request to be cremated takes place. The film ends as Guinevere and Arthur get married and Britain is in safe hands. My opinions of the movie are that it is a good exciting film. The film is entertaining and the storyline keeps the audience in suspense. Another good opinion of the film is that the historical context makes the audience want to see the film because they want to know more about Roman British Empire so they are more likely to see the film. One part I like is where at the start the knights defeat the Woads even though there are only a few knights. I like this part because it makes the knights look strong and therefore impresses me as the audience. Another part I liked is when Daganot takes his axe and destroys the ice so that the Saxons can’t cross the line. However I found this sad because Daganot gets killed in this part of the film. Another action packed part is the last scene where there is a big battle. This scene is action packed and therefore entertaining in the film. Compared to films like Gladiator this film is better because it gives a more historical outlook on the fil m. Therefore I think it is more successful and more entertaining. I think in the film that when the character of Lancelot died it was disappointing because historians know that he was a great warrior therefore the way he died was unexpected and I believe it was better to keep him alive. Therefore if I was directing the film I would have not killed off Lancelot however I like the way that the character of Daganot was killed because he was made to look like a hero. The character I am critical of is Guinevere because in the story of King Arthur she was supposed to be a high class lady from a good family however in this story she is presented as Woad like a rebel whom I think is unrealistic and completely changes the character. Therefore I dislike the character. The parts which are successful are the opening scene where the few knights fight many Woads. This is successful because it sets the tone of the film and lets the audience know how skilled the knights are and how they grew up to become knights. Another part which is successful is where Daganot smashes open the door with an axe. This is successful because it allows the audience to see how strong the knights are again and also get the audience more involved to see what is inside because the breaking down of the door is like footsteps of a massive army because the audience wants to see what will happen next. Therefore in both ways it is successful. In conclusion I recommend the film and would give it 8 out of 10. The reasons for this are because it is a successful film in the way it attracts and entertains the audience such as the start where the knights fight many Woads. It is an interesting film where there is a great historical context such as the history and leadership of King Arthur himself and Roman Britain. The reason I would only give the film an 8 out of 10 is because there were parts I disliked such as that Lancelot got killed and that Guinevere was made to look different then the real story. Therefore in conclusion I would give the film an 8 out of 10 and recommend it to people as a good film because it has many good features and covers the historical part of King Arthur as well as the entertaining action packed fighting in the film therefore I recommend it.